Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM			10-Q


x			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024


o			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 001-15555

Riley Exploration Permian, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware						87-0267438
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

29 E. Reno Avenue, Suite 500 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma						73104
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)						(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (405) 415-8699

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.001	REPX	NYSE American

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):


Large accelerated filer	o	Accelerated filer	x
Non-accelerated filer	o	Smaller reporting company	x
		Emerging growth company	o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x

The total number of shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding as of May 3, 2024 was 21,543,798.


RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2024
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		Page
Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	6
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity	8
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	9
	Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	11
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	26
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	34
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	35
Part II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	36
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	36
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	36


Item 5.	Other Information	36
Item 6.	Exhibits	37

Signatures		37

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DEFINITIONS

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Quarter Report"), unless otherwise noted or the context otherwise requires, we refer to Riley Exploration Permian, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, as "Riley Permian," "REPX," "the Company," "Registrant," "we," "our," or "us." In addition, this Quarterly Report includes certain terms commonly used in the oil and natural gas industry, and the following are abbreviations and definitions of certain terms used within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q:


Measurements.
Bbl			One barrel or 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons



Boe			One stock tank barrel equivalent of oil, calculated by converting gas volumes to equivalent oil barrels at a ratio of 6 thousand cubic feet of gas to 1 barrel of oil and by converting NGL volumes to equivalent oil barrels at a ratio of 1 barrel of NGL to 1 barrel of oil
Boe/d			Stock tank barrel equivalent of oil per day
Btu			British thermal unit. One British thermal unit is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit
MBbl			One thousand barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons

MBoe			One thousand Boe
MBoe/d			One thousand Boe per day
Mcf			One thousand cubic feet of gas


MMcf			One million cubic feet of gas
Abbreviations.
ARO			Asset Retirement Obligation
ATM			At-the-market equity sales program


CME			Chicago Mercantile Exchange
Credit Facility			A credit agreement among Riley Exploration - Permian, LLC, as borrower, and Riley Exploration Permian, Inc, as parent guarantor, with Truist Bank and certain lenders party thereto, as amended
CO2			Carbon Dioxide


EOR			Enhanced Oil Recovery


FASB			Financial Accounting Standards Board







NGL			Natural gas liquids



NYSE			New York Stock Exchange
Oil			Crude oil and condensate
RRC			Railroad Commission of Texas
SEC			Securities and Exchange Commission
Senior Notes			Unsecured 10.5% senior notes due April 2028


U.S. GAAP			Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
WTI			West Texas Intermediate

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, contained in this Quarterly Report that include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, need for financing, competitive position and potential growth opportunities represent management's beliefs and assumptions based on currently available information and they do not consider the effects of future legislation or regulations. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as the words "believes," "intends," "may," "should," "anticipates," "expects," "could," "plans," "estimates," "projects," "targets" or comparable terminology or by discussions of strategy or trends. Such statements by their nature involve risks and uncertainties that could significantly affect expected results, and actual future results could differ materially from those described in such forward-looking statements.

Among the factors that could cause actual future results to differ materially are the risks and uncertainties discussed under "Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Part II, Item 1.A Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. We continue to face many risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to:

•the volatility of oil, natural gas and NGL prices;

•regional supply and demand factors, any delays, curtailment delays or interruptions of production, and any governmental order, rule or regulation that may impose production limits;

•cost and availability of gathering, pipeline, refining, transportation and other midstream and downstream activities, which could result in a prolonged shut-in of our wells that may adversely affect our reserves, financial condition and results of operations;

•severe weather and other risks that lead to a lack of any available markets;

•our ability to successfully complete mergers, acquisitions or divestitures;

•the inability or failure of the Company to successfully integrate the acquired assets into its operations and development activities;

•the potential delays in the development, construction or start-up of planned projects;

•the risk that the Company's EOR project may not perform as expected or produce the anticipated benefits;

•risks relating to our operations, including development drilling and testing results and performance of acquired properties and newly drilled wells;

•inability to prove up undeveloped acreage and maintain production on leases;

•any reduction in our borrowing base on our Credit Facility from time to time and our ability to repay any excess borrowings as a result of such reduction;

•the impact of our derivative strategy and the results of future settlement;

•our ability to comply with the financial covenants contained in our Credit Facility and in our unsecured Senior Notes;

•changes in general economic, business or industry conditions, including changes in inflation rates, interest rates, and foreign currency exchange rates;

•conditions in the capital, financial and credit markets and our ability to obtain capital needed for development and exploration operations on favorable terms or at all;

•the loss of certain tax deductions;

•risks associated with executing our business strategy, including any changes in our strategy;

•risks associated with concentration of operations in one major geographic area;

•legislative or regulatory changes, including initiatives related to hydraulic fracturing, regulation of greenhouse gases, water conservation, seismic activity, weatherization, or protection of certain species of wildlife, or of sensitive environmental areas;

•the ability to receive drilling and other permits or approvals and rights-of-way in a timely manner (or at all), which may be restricted by governmental regulation and legislation;

•restrictions on the use of water, including limits on the use of produced water and a moratorium on new produced water well permits recently imposed by the RRC in an effort to control induced seismicity in the Permian Basin;

•changes in government environmental policies and other environmental risks; the availability of drilling equipment and the timing of production; tax consequences of business transactions; public health crises, such as pandemics and

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epidemics, and any related government policies and actions and the effects of such public health crises on the oil and natural gas industry, pricing and demand for oil and natural gas and supply chain logistics;

•general domestic and international economic, market and political conditions, including the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the Israel-Hamas conflict, and the global response to such conflicts;

•risks related to litigation; and

•cybersecurity threats, technology system failures and data security issues.

In light of such risks and uncertainties, we caution you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report, or if earlier, as of the date they were made. We do not intend to, and disclaim any obligation to, update or revise any forward-looking statements unless required by securities law.

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Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements


RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	(Unaudited)
	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In thousands, except share amounts)
Assets
Current Assets:
Cash	$	6,564	$	15,319
Accounts receivable	38,583		35,126

Prepaid expenses	5,698		1,625
Inventory	6,351		6,177
Current derivative assets	1,638		5,013
Total current assets	58,834		63,260
Oil and natural gas properties, net (successful efforts)	856,388		846,901
Other property and equipment, net	20,545		20,653
Non-current derivative assets	705		2,296



Other non-current assets, net	19,894		12,601
Total Assets	$	956,366	$	945,711
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	12,016	$	3,855

Accrued liabilities	20,684		33,159
Revenue payable	30,113		30,695


Current derivative liabilities	9,812		360
Current portion of long-term debt	20,000		20,000
Other current liabilities	7,131		6,276
Total Current Liabilities	99,756		94,345
Non-current derivative liabilities	2,763		—
Asset retirement obligations	21,108		19,255
Long-term debt	321,842		335,959
Deferred tax liabilities	75,231		73,345
Other non-current liabilities	1,056		1,212
Total Liabilities	521,756		524,116
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 13)


Shareholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 25,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding	—		—
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 240,000,000 shares authorized; 20,400,032 and 20,405,093 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	20		20
Additional paid-in capital	280,698		279,112
Retained earnings	153,892		142,463
Total Shareholders' Equity	434,610		421,595
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity	$	956,366	$	945,711

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues:
Oil and natural gas sales, net	$	99,424	$	66,412
Contract services - related parties	320		600
Total Revenues	99,744		67,012
Costs and Expenses:
Lease operating expenses	16,769		8,875
Production and ad valorem taxes	7,231		4,110
Exploration costs	4		332
Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion	17,779		9,083

General and administrative:
Administrative costs	5,339		5,467
Share-based compensation expense	1,692		1,114
Cost of contract services - related parties	363		110
Transaction costs	—		1,887
Total Costs and Expenses	49,177		30,978
Income from Operations	50,567		36,034
Other Income (Expense):
Interest expense, net	(9,067)		(1,016)
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net	(17,077)		5,755
Income (loss) from equity method investment	167		(232)
Total Other Income (Expense)	(25,977)		4,507
Net Income from Operations before Income Taxes	24,590		40,541
Income tax expense	(5,832)		(8,690)












Net Income	$	18,758	$	31,851








Net Income per Share:
Basic	$	0.94	$	1.62
Diluted	$	0.94	$	1.60
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding:
Basic	19,891		19,649
Diluted	19,992		19,910

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In Thousands)

	Shareholders' Equity
	Common Stock
	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Total Shareholders' Equity
Balance, December 31, 2023	20,405	$	20	$	279,112	$	142,463	$	421,595
Share-based compensation expense	—	—		1,692		—		1,692
Repurchased shares for tax withholding	(5)	—		(106)		—		(106)

Dividends declared	—	—		—		(7,329)		(7,329)
Net income	—	—		—		18,758		18,758
Balance, March 31, 2024	20,400	$	20	$	280,698	$	153,892	$	434,610
























	Shareholders' Equity
	Common Stock
	Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Total Shareholders' Equity
Balance, December 31, 2022	20,161	$	20	$	274,643	$	58,783	$	333,446
Share-based compensation expense	16	—		1,260		—		1,260
Repurchased shares for tax withholding	(8)	—		(234)		—		(234)

Dividends declared	—	—		—		(6,851)		(6,851)
Net income	—	—		—		31,851		31,851
Balance, March 31, 2023	20,169	$	20	$	275,669	$	83,783	$	359,472

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income	$	18,758	$	31,851
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Exploratory well costs and lease expirations	—		332
Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion	17,779		9,083


(Gain) loss on derivatives, net	17,077		(5,755)
Settlements on derivative contracts	104		(5,088)
Amortization of deferred financing costs and discount	1,315		192


Share-based compensation expense	1,692		1,260
Deferred income tax expense	1,886		5,283
Other	(240)		232
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable	(3,457)		911

Prepaid expenses and other current assets	205		(1,276)
Other non-current assets	(217)		—
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(170)		(3,894)

Inventory	(174)		(5,031)
Revenue payable	(582)		1,611

Other current liabilities	2,149		3,259
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	56,125		32,970
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Additions to oil and natural gas properties	(34,939)		(34,986)


Contributions to equity method investment	(5,619)		(1,840)
Funds held in escrow	(1,926)		(33,000)

Additions to other property and equipment	(124)		(109)
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(42,608)		(69,935)






Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Deferred financing costs	—		(49)
Proceeds from credit facility	—		33,000
Repayments under credit facility	(10,000)		—

Repayments of Senior Notes	(5,000)		—
Payment of common share dividends	(7,166)		(6,778)



Common stock repurchased for tax withholding	(106)		(234)

Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities	(22,272)		25,939
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents	(8,755)		(11,026)
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period	15,319		13,301
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period	$	6,564	$	2,275

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - (Continued)
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Cash Paid For:
Interest, net of capitalized interest	$	8,324	$	788

Non-cash Investing and Financing Activities:
Changes in capital expenditures in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	(4,210)	$	2,870








Assets contributed to equity method investment	$	—	$	2,272

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(1) Organization and Nature of Business

Riley Permian is a growth-oriented, independent oil and natural gas company focused on the acquisition, exploration, development and production of oil, natural gas and NGLs in Texas and New Mexico. Our activities primarily include the horizontal development of conventional reservoirs on the Northwest Shelf of the Permian Basin. Our acreage is primarily located on large, contiguous blocks in Yoakum County, Texas and Eddy County, New Mexico.

On April 3, 2023 (the "Closing Date"), the Company completed the acquisition of oil and natural gas assets (the "New Mexico Acquisition") from Pecos Oil & Gas, LLC ("Pecos"), a Delaware limited liability company and an affiliate of Cibolo Energy Partners LLC. For further information regarding the New Mexico Acquisition, see Note 4 - Acquisitions of Oil and Natural Gas Properties.

(2) Basis of Presentation

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2024 and for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 include the accounts of Riley Permian and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period financial statement presentation. These reclassifications had an immaterial effect on the previously reported total assets, total liabilities, shareholders' equity, results of operations or cash flows. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

These condensed consolidated financial statements have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary for fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods presented, which adjustments were of a normal recurring nature, except as disclosed herein. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2024, for various reasons, including fluctuations in prices received for oil and natural gas, natural production declines, the uncertainty of exploration and development drilling results, fluctuations in the fair value of derivative instruments, the current and future impacts of the military conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and Israel and Hamas, the volatile inflationary environment in U.S. markets and other factors.

(3) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions may also affect disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

The Company evaluates these estimates on an ongoing basis, using historical experience, consultation with experts and other methods the Company considers reasonable in the particular circumstances. Actual results may differ significantly from the Company’s estimates. Any effects on the Company’s business, financial position or results of operations resulting from revisions to these estimates are recorded in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, estimates of proved oil and natural gas reserves and related present value estimates of future net cash flows therefrom, the carrying value of oil and natural gas properties, accounts receivable, accrued capital expenditures and operating expenses, ARO, the fair value determination of acquired assets and assumed liabilities, certain tax accruals and the fair value of derivatives.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable is summarized below:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Oil, natural gas and NGL sales	$	36,599	$	31,135
Joint interest accounts receivable	1,973		1,630

Other accounts receivable	11		2,361
Total accounts receivable	$	38,583	$	35,126

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had accounts receivables from oil, natural gas and NGL sales of $24.1 million.

The Company had no allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Other Non-Current Assets, Net

Other non-current assets consisted of the following:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Deferred financing costs, net (1)	$	3,441	$	3,844
Right of use assets	1,666		1,890
Equity method investment	11,406		5,620
Other	3,381		1,247
Total other non-current assets, net	$	19,894	$	12,601

_____________________

(1)Deferred financing costs, net reflects costs associated with the Company's Credit Facility which are amortized over the term of the Credit Facility.

Equity method investment. In January 2023, the Company formed a joint venture, RPC Power LLC ("RPC Power"), for the purpose of constructing a power infrastructure for onsite power generation in Yoakum County, Texas using produced natural gas. The Company has contributed its portion of capital for the joint venture through RPC Power Holdco LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. In March 2024, the Company made an additional capital contribution of $5.6 million in RPC Power. As of March 31, 2024, the Company owned 35% and had invested $11.5 million in the joint venture, comprised of $9.2 million in cash and $2.3 million of contributed assets, which was reduced by the Company's share of losses and increased by its share of income in the joint venture.

Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Accrued capital expenditures	$	6,766	$	15,851
Accrued lease operating expenses	5,952		6,038

Accrued general and administrative costs	5,789		4,655




Accrued ad valorem tax	1,284		5,269

Other accrued expenditures	893		1,346
Total accrued liabilities	$	20,684	$	33,159

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Asset Retirement Obligations

Components of the changes in ARO for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023 are shown below:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023

	(In thousands)
ARO, beginning balance	$	23,044	$	3,038
Liabilities incurred	9		45
Liabilities assumed in acquisitions	—		19,359

Liability settlements and disposals	(104)		(1,039)
Accretion	532		1,641
ARO, ending balance	23,481		23,044
Less: current ARO (1)	(2,373)		(3,789)
ARO, long-term	$	21,108	$	19,255

_____________________

(1)Current ARO is included within other current liabilities on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Revenue Recognition

The following table presents oil and natural gas sales disaggregated by product:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Oil and natural gas sales:
Oil	$	96,992	$	64,974
Natural gas	683		523
NGLs	1,749		915
Total oil and natural gas sales, net	$	99,424	$	66,412

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which enhances the disclosures required for operating segments in the Company’s annual and interim consolidated financial statements. This ASU is effective retrospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in this standard provide for enhanced income tax information primarily through changes to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. This ASU is effective for the Company prospectively to all annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its disclosures.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(4) Acquisitions of Oil and Natural Gas Properties

New Mexico Acquisition

On April 3, 2023, the Company completed the New Mexico Acquisition from Pecos for $324.7 million, including customary purchase price adjustments. The assets acquired are located in Eddy County, New Mexico, and include approximately 10,600 total contiguous net acres of leasehold. The acquisition also included 18 net horizontal wells and 250 net vertical wells.

The Company funded the New Mexico Acquisition through a combination of proceeds from the issuance of $200 million of Senior Notes and borrowings under the Company's Credit Facility, including application of a $33 million escrow deposit paid during the three months ended March 31, 2023 from borrowings under the Credit Facility. For further information regarding the financing for the New Mexico Acquisition, see Note 9 - Long-Term Debt.

The New Mexico Acquisition qualified as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized at fair value as of the acquisition date. The fair value measurements of the oil and natural gas properties acquired and ARO assumed were derived utilizing an income approach and based, in part, on significant inputs not observable in the market. These inputs represent Level 3 measurements in the fair value hierarchy and include, but are not limited to, estimates of future production volumes, future development, future operating costs, future cash flows and the use of a weighted average cost of capital. These inputs required the use of significant judgments and estimates at the date of valuation, and use of different estimates and judgments could yield different results.

The following presents the allocation of the total purchase price of the New Mexico Acquisition to the identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on estimated fair value as of the Closing Date:


Purchase price allocation (in thousands):

Total cash consideration	$	324,686

Assets acquired:

Inventory	$	2,980
Oil and natural gas properties	342,308
Other	$	149
Amount attributable to assets acquired	$	345,437

Liabilities assumed:
Revenue payable	$	1,475
Asset retirement obligations	19,276
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	$	20,751



Net assets acquired	$	324,686

Transaction costs associated with the New Mexico Acquisition were approximately $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and are included on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Post-Acquisition Operating Results

The results of operations attributable to the New Mexico Acquisition since the Closing Date have been included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and include $29.0 million of total revenue, net, and $18.9 million of earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Pro Forma Operating Results

The following unaudited pro forma combined results for the three months ended March 31, 2023 reflect the consolidated results of operations of the Company as if the New Mexico Acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2022. The unaudited pro forma information includes adjustments for (i) amortization for the discount and deferred financing costs and interest expense related to the Senior Notes and Credit Facility, (ii) depletion, depreciation and amortization expense, and (iii) interest expense related to the financing for the New Mexico Acquisition. In addition, the pro forma information has been effected for income taxes with a 21.5% statutory tax rate for three months ended March 31, 2023.


		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2023
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Total revenues		$	97,607
Net income		$	33,798
Basic net income per common share		$	1.72
Diluted net income per common share		$	1.70

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information is for informational purposes only and is not intended to represent or to be indicative of the combined results of operations that the Company would have reported had the New Mexico Acquisition been completed as of January 1, 2022 and should not be taken as indicative of the Company's future combined results of operations. The actual results may differ significantly from that reflected in the unaudited pro forma combined financial information for a number of reasons, including, but not limited to, differences in assumptions used to prepare the unaudited pro forma combined financial information and actual results.

Entry into Purchase and Sale Agreement

On March 22, 2024, the Company entered into a purchase and sale agreement, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase interest in oil and natural gas properties in Eddy County, New Mexico ("2024 NM Asset Acquisition") for a purchase price of approximately $20.5 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. In connection with executing the purchase and sale agreement in March 2024, a deposit of $1.9 million was paid by the Company and is included in other non-current assets, net in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company closed this asset acquisition on May 7, 2024 with an effective date of December 1, 2023. See Note 14 - Subsequent Events.

(5) Oil and Natural Gas Properties

Oil and natural gas properties are summarized below:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Proved	$	924,429	$	895,783
Unproved	99,301		100,216
Work-in-progress	55,784		57,004
	1,079,514		1,053,003
Accumulated depletion, amortization and impairment	(223,126)		(206,102)
Total oil and natural gas properties, net	$	856,388	$	846,901

Depletion and amortization expense for proved oil and natural gas properties was $17.0 million and $8.9 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(6) Derivative Instruments

Oil and Natural Gas Contracts

The Company uses commodity based derivative contracts to reduce exposure to fluctuations in oil and natural gas prices. While the use of these contracts limits the downside risk for adverse price changes, their use also limits future revenues from favorable price changes. We have not designated our derivative contracts as hedges for accounting purposes, and therefore changes in the fair value of derivatives are included and recognized in other income (expense) in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s oil and natural gas derivative instruments consisted of fixed price swaps, costless collars, and basis swaps. The following table summarizes the open financial derivative positions as of March 31, 2024, related to our future oil and natural gas production:


		Weighted Average Price
Calendar Quarter / Year	Notional Volume	Fixed		Put		Call
		($ per unit)
Oil Swaps (Bbl)

Q2 2024	465,000	$	74.76
Q3 2024	405,000	$	74.35
Q4 2024	360,000	$	73.94
2025	510,000	$	72.50

Natural Gas Swaps (Mcf)
Q2 2024	600,000	$	3.21
Q3 2024	600,000	$	3.21
Q4 2024	450,000	$	3.67
2025	1,235,000	$	3.75
2026	450,000	$	4.01

Oil Collars (Bbl)

Q2 2024	390,000			$	61.08	$	85.76
Q3 2024	366,000			$	61.00	$	83.61
Q4 2024	390,000			$	61.92	$	83.39
2025	1,465,000			$	63.35	$	75.94

Natural Gas Collars (Mcf)
Q2 2024	405,000			$	3.01	$	3.68
Q3 2024	405,000			$	3.01	$	3.68
Q4 2024	405,000			$	3.50	$	4.45
2025	1,215,000			$	3.28	$	4.30

Oil Basis (Bbl)

Q2 2024	330,000	$	0.97
Q3 2024	330,000	$	0.97
Q4 2024	330,000	$	0.97

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Interest Rate Contracts

The Company entered into floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps, in which it will receive a floating market rate equal to one-month CME Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate and will pay a fixed interest rate, to manage future interest rate exposure related to the Company’s Credit Facility. In March 2024, the Company entered into a fixed-to-floating interest rate swap for the period May 2024 - December 2024, to reduce our interest rate exposure, which resulted in a gain of approximately $1 million on a notional amount of $80 million. This gain will be realized upon settlement of the contracts in 2024.

At the time of settlement of these interest rate derivative contracts, gain or loss on settlement will be included in interest expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table summarizes the open interest rate derivative positions as of March 31, 2024:


Open Coverage Period	Position	Notional Amount		Fixed Rate
		(In thousands)
April 2024 - April 2026	Long	$	30,000	3.180	%
April 2024 - April 2026	Long	$	50,000	3.039	%
May 2024 - December 2024	Short	$	80,000	4.910	%

Balance Sheet Presentation of Derivatives

The following tables present the location and fair value of the Company’s derivative contracts included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	March 31, 2024
Balance Sheet Classification	Gross Fair Value		Amounts Netted		Net Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Current derivative assets	$	6,488	$	(4,850)	$	1,638
Non-current derivative assets	6,175		(5,470)		705
Current derivative liabilities	(14,662)		4,850		(9,812)
Non-current derivative liabilities	(8,233)		5,470		(2,763)
Total	$	(10,232)	$	—	$	(10,232)

	December 31, 2023
Balance Sheet Classification	Gross Fair Value		Amounts Netted		Net Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Current derivative assets	$	8,948	$	(3,935)	$	5,013
Non-current derivative assets	6,687		(4,391)		2,296
Current derivative liabilities	(4,295)		3,935		(360)
Non-current derivative liabilities	(4,391)		4,391		—
Total	$	6,949	$	—	$	6,949

The following table presents the components of the Company's gain (loss) on derivatives, net for the periods presented below:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Settlements on derivative contracts	$	104	$	(5,088)
Non-cash gain (loss) on derivatives	(17,181)		10,843
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net	$	(17,077)	$	5,755

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(7) Fair Value Measurements

The FASB has established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy consists of three broad levels. Level 1 inputs are the highest priority and consist of unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. Level 2 are inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 are unobservable inputs for an asset or liability.

The carrying values of financial instruments comprising cash, payables, receivables, and advances from joint interest owners approximate fair values due to the short-term maturities of these instruments and are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value reported for the Credit Facility approximates fair value because the underlying instruments are at interest rates which approximate current market rates. The fair value of the Senior Notes is based on estimates of current rates available for similar issues with similar maturities and is classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The oil and natural gas properties acquired and ARO assumed in the New Mexico Acquisition are considered Level 3 measurements.

Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis

The fair value of commodity derivatives and interest rate swaps is estimated using discounted cash flow calculations based upon forward curves and are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The following table presents the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, by level within the fair value hierarchy:


	March 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Commodity derivative assets	$	—	$	10,712	$	—	$	10,712
Interest rate assets	$	—	$	1,951	$	—	$	1,951
Financial liabilities:
Commodity derivative liabilities	$	—	$	(22,895)	$	—	$	(22,895)


	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Commodity derivative assets	$	—	$	14,766	$	—	$	14,766
Interest rate assets	$	—	$	869	$	—	$	869
Financial liabilities:
Commodity derivative liabilities	$	—	$	(8,686)	$	—	$	(8,686)

The following table summarizes the fair value and carrying amount of the Company's financial instruments.


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Credit Facility (Level 2)	$	175,000	$	175,000	$	185,000	$	185,000
Senior Notes (Level 2)(1)	$	166,842	$	190,426	$	170,959	$	185,346

_____________________

(1)The carrying value reported for the Senior Notes is shown net of unamortized discount and unamortized deferred financing costs.

The carrying value reported for the Credit Facility approximates fair value because the underlying instruments are at interest rates which approximate current market rates. The fair value of the Senior Notes was determined utilizing a discounted cash flow approach.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(8) Transactions with Related Parties

Contract Services

Riley Permian Operating Company, LLC ("RPOC") provided certain administrative services to Riley Exploration Group, LLC ("REG") and certain administrative and operational services for Combo Resources, LLC ("Combo"). REG and Combo are third-party entities with no ownership by the Company or any members of its management team as of March 31, 2024. REG owns shares of equity in the Company. Combo and the Company also own interests in certain oil and natural gas properties in Lee and Fayette Counties, Texas, which were being jointly developed by Combo and the Company.

RPOC provided administrative services to REG in exchange for a monthly fee of $100 thousand pursuant to a contract services agreement or MSA. Beginning in February 2024, the Company began a transition of the administrative services to REG and its service providers at a reduced fee.

Additionally, RPOC provided certain administrative and operational services to Combo for a monthly fee of $100 thousand and reimbursement of all third party expenses pursuant to a contract services agreement. Both Combo and Riley Permian desired to terminate such MSA and transitioned the services under the MSA to Combo and its service providers effective as of January 31, 2024.

In addition, certain oil and natural gas properties were developed by Riley Permian and Combo who currently jointly own interests in 6 established units in Lee and Fayette Counties, Texas. Effective January 31, 2024, Riley Permian no longer has the right to acquire interest in Combo’s leases or earn an interest in the future units formed within defined areas. Riley Permian may participate in any wells or units to the extent Riley Permian owns an interest in oil, gas or minerals attributable to such new well or unit. Further, Riley Permian can continue to participate in wells drilled within each of the established units. Riley Permian continues to serve as operator on the wells in the established units.

The following table presents revenues from and related cost for contract services for related parties:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Combo	$	100	$	300
REG	220		300
Contract services - related parties	$	320	$	600

Cost of contract services	$	363	$	110

The Company had no amounts payable to Combo at March 31, 2024 and $0.7 million payable at December 31, 2023, which is reflected in other current liabilities on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Amounts due to Combo reflect the revenue, net of any expenditures for wells and fees due under the MSA, for Combo's net working interest in wells that the Company operates on Combo's behalf.

Consulting and Legal Fees

The Company has an engagement agreement with di Santo Law PLLC ("di Santo Law"), a law firm owned by Beth di Santo, a member of our Board of Directors, pursuant to which di Santo Law's attorneys provide legal services to the Company. The Company incurred legal fees from di Santo Law of approximately $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had approximately $0.6 million in amounts accrued for di Santo Law, which was included in other current liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(9) Long-Term Debt

The following table summarizes the Company's outstanding debt:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)
Credit Facility	$	175,000	$	185,000
Senior Notes
Principal	180,000		185,000
Less: Unamortized discount(1)	9,473		10,117
Less: Unamortized deferred financing costs(2)	3,685		3,924
Total Senior Notes	166,842		170,959

Total debt	341,842		355,959
Less: Current portion of long-term debt(3)	20,000		20,000

Total long-term debt	$	321,842	$	335,959

___________________

(1)Unamortized discount on long-term debt is amortized over the term of the respective debt.

(2)Unamortized deferred financing costs are attributable to and amortized over the term of the Senior Notes.

(3)As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the current portion of long-term debt reflects $20 million due on the Senior Notes over the next twelve months.

Credit Facility

As of March 31, 2024, Riley Exploration - Permian, LLC ("REP LLC"), as borrower, and the Company, as parent guarantor, are parties to a credit agreement with Truist Bank and certain lenders party thereto, as amended, which provides for a Credit Facility with a borrowing base of $375 million. On February 22, 2023, the Company amended its Credit Facility to, among other things, allow for the issuance of unsecured senior notes of up to $200 million. On April 3, 2023, and concurrent with the closing of the New Mexico Acquisition, the Company entered into the fourteenth amendment to the Credit Facility to, among other things, increase the maximum facility amount to $1.0 billion and the borrowing base from $225 million to $325 million, resulting in the addition of new lenders to the lending group. On November 14, 2023, through the semi-annual redetermination process, the Credit Facility was amended to increase the borrowing base from $325 million to $375 million.

The Credit Facility contains certain covenants, which, among other things, require the maintenance of (i) a total leverage ratio of not greater than 3.00 to 1.00. The Credit Facility also contains a total leverage ratio for Restricted Payments, as defined in the credit agreement. The leverage ratio, after giving pro forma effect to such Restricted Payments, cannot exceed 2.50 to 1.00. If the pro forma leverage ratio is between 2.00 to 2.50, the Restricted Payments cannot exceed trailing twelve month free cash flow. In addition to and after giving effect to such Restricted Payments, the availability of funds under on the Company's Credit Facility must be greater than or equal to 20% of the elected commitments. The Company must maintain a minimum hedging requirement included within the credit agreement for oil and natural gas based on its proved developed producing projected volumes for oil and natural gas on a rolling 24-month basis.

The Credit Facility is set to mature in April 2026. Substantially all of the Company’s assets are pledged to secure the Credit Facility. The following table summarizes the Credit Facility balances:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)
Outstanding borrowings	$	175,000	$	185,000
Available under the borrowing base	$	200,000	$	190,000

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Senior Notes

On April 3, 2023, and concurrent with the closing of the New Mexico Acquisition, the Company (as "Issuer") completed its issuance of $200 million aggregate principal amount of 10.50% senior unsecured notes with final maturity in April 2028 pursuant to a note purchase agreement (the "Note Purchase Agreement"), with the Senior Notes issued at a 6% discount. The net proceeds from the Senior Notes were used to fund a portion of the purchase price and related fees, costs and expenses for the New Mexico Acquisition.

Interest is due and payable at the end of each quarter. In addition to interest, the Issuer will repay 2.50% of the original principal amount each quarter resulting in $5 million quarterly principal payments until the maturity of the Senior Notes. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had $20 million in current liabilities on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet related to the quarterly principal payments due within the next 12 months.

The Issuer may, at its option, redeem, at any time and from time to time on or prior to April 3, 2026, some or all of the Senior Notes at 100% of the principal amount thereof plus the make-whole amount plus a premium of 5.25% as set forth in the Note Purchase Agreement plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. After April 3, 2026, but on or prior to October 3, 2026, the Issuer may, at its option, redeem, at any time and from time to time some or all of the Senior Notes at 100% of the principal amount thereof plus a premium of 5.25% as set forth in the Note Purchase Agreement plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. After October 3, 2026, the Issuer may redeem some or all of the Senior Notes at 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. The principal remaining outstanding at the time of maturity is required to be paid in full by the Issuer. Certain note features, including those discussed above, were evaluated and deemed to be remote. Due to the remote nature, the fair value of these features was estimated to be approximately zero.

The Senior Notes contain certain covenants, which, among other things, require the maintenance of (i) a total leverage ratio of not greater than 3.00 to 1.00 and (ii) an asset coverage ratio greater than 1.50 to 1.00. The Senior Notes also contain a total leverage ratio and an asset coverage ratio for Restricted Payments, as defined in the Note Purchase Agreement. The leverage ratio, after giving pro forma effect to such Restricted Payments, cannot exceed 2.00 to 1.00, and the asset coverage ratio, after giving effect to such Restricted Payments, must be greater than or equal to 1.50 to 1.00. In addition to and after giving effect to such Restricted Payments, the availability of funds under the Company's Credit Facility must be greater than or equal to 15% of the Aggregate Elected Commitment Amount. Upon issuance of the Senior Notes, the Company must maintain a minimum hedging requirement included within the Senior Notes for oil and natural gas based on its proved developed producing projected volumes for oil and natural gas on a rolling 18-month basis.

The Senior Notes are general unsecured obligations ranking equally in right of payment with all other senior unsecured indebtedness of the Company and are senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the Company. The Note Purchase Agreement contains customary terms and covenants, including limitations on the Company’s ability to incur additional secured and unsecured indebtedness.

The following table summarizes the Company's interest expense:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Interest expense	8,743		1,294
Interest income	(207)		—
Capitalized interest	(964)		(615)
Amortization of deferred financing costs	671		192
Amortization of discount on Senior Notes	644		—
Unused commitment fees on Credit Facility	180		145
Total interest expense, net	$	9,067	$	1,016

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the weighted average interest rate on outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility was 8.51% and 8.68%, respectively.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

As of March 31, 2024, the Senior Notes had $9.5 million of unamortized discount and $3.7 million of unamortized deferred financing costs, resulting in an effective interest rate of 13.38% during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all covenants contained in the credit agreement for the Credit Facility and in the Note Purchase Agreement.

(10) Shareholders' Equity

Dividends

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company declared quarterly dividends on its common stock totaling approximately $7.3 million and $6.9 million, respectively.

Share-Based Compensation

In April 2023, the Company's stockholders approved the Amended and Restated 2021 Long Term Incentive Plan (the "A&R LTIP"), which increased the total number of shares of common stock that may be utilized for awards pursuant to the A&R LTIP by 950,000 shares, from 1,387,022 to 2,337,022. The A&R LTIP had 1,076,095 shares available for future awards as of March 31, 2024.

2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan

The following table presents the Company's restricted stock activity during the three months ended March 31, 2024 under the A&R LTIP:


2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan
	Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2023	521,997	$	24.37
Granted	—	$	—
Vested	(15,285)	$	24.39
Forfeited	(469)	$	20.27
Unvested at March 31, 2024	506,243	$	24.82

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the total share-based compensation expense was $1.7 million and $1.3 million, respectively. Share-based compensation expense is included in general and administrative costs on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations for the restricted share awards granted under the A&R LTIP. Approximately $9.4 million of additional share-based compensation expense will be recognized over the weighted average life of 25 months for the unvested restricted share awards as of March 31, 2024.

ATM Program

On September 1, 2023, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement in connection with an at-the-market equity sales program ("ATM") pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell from time to time up to an aggregate $50 million in shares of the Company's common stock through its agents. The offer and sale of the shares has been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended ("Securities Act"), pursuant to the Company’s registration statement on Form S-3, as amended. A prospectus supplement related to the offering of the shares, as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act, was also filed. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from any offering for working capital purposes and other general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, financing of capital expenditures, repayment or refinancing of

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

outstanding debt, financing acquisitions or investments, financing other business opportunities, and general working capital purposes.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company did not execute any sales under the ATM program. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had remaining capacity to sell up to an additional $49.7 million of common stock under the ATM program.

(11) Income Taxes

The components of the Company's consolidated provision for income taxes from operations are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Current income tax expense:
Federal	$	3,577	$	3,207
State	369		200
Total current income tax expense	3,946		3,407
Deferred income tax expense:
Federal	1,513		5,088
State	373		195
Total deferred income tax expense	1,886		5,283
Total income tax expense	$	5,832	$	8,690

A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company's effective income tax rate is as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Tax at statutory rate	21.0	%	21.0	%
Nondeductible compensation	0.5	%	—	%

Share-based compensation	—	%	(0.4)	%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	2.4	%	0.8	%


Effective income tax rate	23.9	%	21.4	%

The Company's federal income tax returns for the years subsequent to December 31, 2019 remain subject to examination. The Company's income tax returns in major state income tax jurisdictions remain subject to examination for various periods subsequent to December 31, 2018. The Company currently believes that all other significant filing positions are highly certain and that all of its other significant income tax positions and deductions would be sustained under audit or the final resolution would not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Therefore, the Company has not established any significant reserves for uncertain tax positions.

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(12) Net Income Per Share

The Company calculated net income per share using the treasury stock method. The table below sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share for the periods presented below:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Net income	$	18,758	$	31,851

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding	19,891		19,649
Restricted shares	101		261
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	19,992		19,910

Basic net income per share	$	0.94	$	1.62
Diluted net income per share	$	0.94	$	1.60

The following shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share due to their anti-dilutive effect for the periods presented:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023


Restricted shares	409,822	246,358

(13) Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Matters

Due to the nature of the Company's business, the Company may at times be subject to claims and legal actions. The Company accrues liabilities when it is probable that future costs will be incurred, and such costs can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are based on developments to date and the Company’s estimates of the outcomes of these matters. The Company did not recognize any material liability for legal matters as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023. Management believes it is remote that the impact of such matters will have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Environmental Matters

The Company is subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. These laws, which are often changing, regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and may require the Company to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum or chemical substances at various sites. The Company had no material environmental liabilities as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

Contractual Commitments

In October 2021, the Company executed an agreement related to its EOR project. This agreement is a CO2 purchase agreement that has a daily contract quantity with Kinder Morgan CO2 Company, LLC with a primary term extending through the earlier of the total contract quantity delivered or December 31, 2025.

In August 2022, the Company entered into a second amendment on its gas gathering and processing agreement with its primary midstream counterparty, Stakeholder Midstream LLC ("Stakeholder"). Stakeholder committed to expand its gathering and processing system with a commitment from the Company to deliver an annual minimum volume to Stakeholder’s gathering

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RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

system for a minimum of seven years beginning on the in-service date of the expanded plant, which is expected to be during the second quarter.

The Company entered into agreements with RPC Power including one of its subsidiaries, which include RPC Power providing operational expertise on the implementation and management of the power generation assets for a monthly fee of $20 thousand for a period of 10 years. In addition, the Company entered into a tolling agreement and committed to provide the natural gas needed to fuel the onsite power generators for 10 years following the in-service date, with an automatic yearly extension until terminated by either party, for a fee based on a per MMBtu basis adjusted for contractual usage factors.

In October 2023, the Company entered into a purchase agreement for pipe related to its 2024 drilling program. As of March 31, 2024, the Company has commitments to purchase approximately $8.5 million of pipe by December 2024.

(14) Subsequent Events

Dividend Declaration

On April 11, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.36 per share of common stock payable on May 9, 2024 to its shareholders of record at the close of business on April 25, 2024.

Equity Offering

On April 3, 2024, the Company issued 1,015,000 shares of common stock at a par value of $0.001 per share. Net proceeds from the issuance were approximately $25.9 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions.

Asset Acquisition

On May 7, 2024, the Company closed the 2024 NM Asset Acquisition for approximately $20.5 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto presented in this report as well as the Company's audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company's Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The following discussion contains "forward-looking statements" that reflect the Company’s future plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance. The Company’s actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. See "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" and "Part II. Item 1A. Risk Factors" below and the information set forth in the Risk Factors under Part I. Item 1A of the Company's Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Overview

We operate in the upstream segment of the oil and natural gas industry and are focused on steadily growing conventional reserves, production and cash flow through the acquisition, exploration, development and production of oil, natural gas and NGLs primarily in the Permian Basin in West Texas and Southeastern New Mexico. We intend to continue to develop our reserves and increase production through development drilling and exploration activities and through acquisitions that meet our strategic and financial objectives.

Financial and Operating Highlights

Financial and operating results reflect the following:

•Increased total net equivalent production by 55% to 20.4 MBoe/d for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023

•During the three months ended March 31, 2024, 6 gross (5.97 net) horizontal wells brought online to production

•Realized average oil price on production sold of $75.25 per barrel, before derivative settlements, during the three months ended March 31, 2024

•Generated cash flow from operations of $56.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024

•Incurred total accrual (activity based) capital expenditures before acquisitions of $26.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024

•Paid cash dividends on common shares of $7.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024

•$6.6 million in cash and $341.8 million in total debt as of March 31, 2024

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Recent Developments

Market Conditions, Commodity Prices and Interest Rates

The U.S. and global economies and markets have experienced heightened volatility following impactful geopolitical events, the effects of widespread inflation, and the impact of significantly higher interest rates. Prices for oil and natural gas are determined primarily by prevailing market conditions, which have been and could continue to be volatile.

The combination of geopolitical events, inflation and the higher interest rate environment has led to numerous forecasts of a U.S. or global recession. Any such recession could prolong market volatility or cause a decline in commodity prices, among other potential impacts.

The Company cannot estimate the length or gravity of the future impact these events will have on the Company's results of operations, financial position, liquidity and the value of oil and natural gas reserves.

New Mexico Acquisition

On April 3, 2023, the Company completed the New Mexico Acquisition for an adjusted purchase price of $324.7 million. The New Mexico Acquisition was funded through a combination of borrowings under the Company's Credit Facility and proceeds from the issuance of $200 million of Senior Notes.

Power Joint Venture

In January 2023, the Company entered into an agreement to form a joint venture created for the purpose of constructing new power infrastructure for onsite baseload power generation using produced natural gas for its Champions Field. The Company had an initial 30% investment in the joint venture company, RPC Power, which was increased to 35% in the current quarter, and is committed to providing its portion of capital expenditures. Construction of the onsite power generation facility was predominately completed during 2023 with temporary power generation beginning November 2023 and permanent onsite power generation beginning operations in the second quarter 2024.

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Results of Operations

Comparison for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

The following table sets forth selected operating data for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Revenues (in thousands):
Oil sales	$	96,992	$	64,974
Natural gas sales	683		523
NGL sales	1,749		915
Oil and natural gas sales, net	$	99,424	$	66,412

Production Data, net:
Oil (MBbls)	1,289		893
Natural gas (MMcf)	1,631		949
NGLs (MBbls)	293		134
Total (MBoe)	1,854		1,185

Daily combined volumes (Boe/d)	20,374		13,169
Daily oil volumes (Bbls/d)	14,165		9,922

Average Realized Prices:
Oil ($ per Bbl)	$	75.25	$	72.76
Natural gas ($ per Mcf)	$	0.42	$	0.55
NGLs ($ per Bbl)	$	5.97	$	6.83


Average Realized Prices, including derivative settlements:(1)
Oil ($ per Bbl)	$	74.33	$	67.06
Natural gas ($ per Mcf)	$	1.20	$	0.55
NGLs ($ per Bbl)	$	5.97	$	6.83

_____________________

(1)The Company's calculation of the effects of derivative settlements includes gains and losses on the settlement of its commodity derivative contracts. These gains and losses are included under other income (expense) on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations.

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Oil and Natural Gas Revenues

Our revenues are derived from the sale of our oil and natural gas production, including the sale of NGLs that are extracted from our natural gas during processing. Revenues from product sales are a function of the volumes produced, product quality, market prices, and gas Btu content as well as midstream counterparty fees and deducts. Our revenues from oil, natural gas and NGL sales do not include the effects of derivatives. Our revenues may vary significantly from period to period as a result of changes in the volume of production sold or changes in commodity prices. The Company’s total oil and natural gas revenue, net increased $33.0 million, or 50%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Oil revenues

•For the three months ended March 31, 2024, oil revenues increased by $32.0 million, or 49%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. Of the increase, $28.8 million was attributable to an increase in volume and $3.2 million to an increase in our realized price. Volumes increased by 44%, while realized prices increased by 3% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The oil and natural gas properties acquired in the New Mexico Acquisition contributed $26.4 million to the Company's revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

•Oil volumes increased during the three months ended March 31, 2024 due to oil and natural gas assets acquired in the New Mexico Acquisition, production from new wells, and workovers performed on existing wells. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we brought online 6 gross (5.97 net) horizontal wells. The oil and natural gas properties acquired in the New Mexico Acquisition contributed oil volumes of approximately 350 MBbls for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

•The average WTI price increased by $1.57 per Bbl during the three months ended March 31, 2024 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Natural gas revenues

•For the three months ended March 31, 2024, natural gas revenues increased by $0.2 million, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. Of the increase, $0.4 million was attributable to an increase in volumes, partially offset by a $0.2 million decrease attributable to lower realized price. Volumes increased by 72%, while realized prices decreased by 24%.

•Natural gas volumes increased during the three months ended March 31, 2024 due to oil and natural gas properties acquired in the New Mexico Acquisition, production from new wells, and workovers performed on existing wells. The oil and natural gas properties acquired in the New Mexico Acquisition contributed 862 MMcf to the Company's natural gas volumes for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

•The average Henry Hub price decreased by $0.49 per Mcf during the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.

NGL revenues

•For the three months ended March 31, 2024, NGL revenues increased by $0.8 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. Of the increase, $1.1 million was attributable to an increase in volume, partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease attributable to lower realized price. Volumes increased by 119%, while realized prices decreased by 13%.

•NGL volumes increased during the three months ended March 31, 2024 due to oil and natural gas properties acquired in the New Mexico Acquisition, production from new wells, and workovers performed on existing wells. The oil and natural gas properties acquired in the New Mexico Acquisition contributed 155 MBbls to the Company's NGL volumes for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

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Contract Services - Related Party

The following table presents the Company's revenue and costs associated with its contract services - related party transactions:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Contract services - related parties(1)	$	320	$	600
Cost of contract services - related parties(2)	363		110
Gross profit (loss) from contract services	$	(43)	$	490

_____________________

(1)The Company’s contract services - related parties revenue is derived from master service agreements with related parties to provide certain administrative support services.

(2)The Company's cost of contract services - related parties represents costs specifically attributable to the master service agreements the Company has in place with the respective related parties.

The MSA with Combo was terminated as of January 31, 2024. See Note 8 - Transactions with Related Parties for more information.

Costs and Expenses

The following table presents the Company's operating costs and expenses and other (income) expenses:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
Costs and Expenses:	(In thousands)
Lease operating expenses	$	16,769	$	8,875
Production and ad valorem taxes	$	7,231	$	4,110
Exploration costs	$	4	$	332
Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion	$	17,779	$	9,083


Administrative costs	$	5,339	$	5,467
Share-based compensation	1,692		1,114
General and administrative expense	$	7,031	$	6,581





Transaction costs	$	—	$	1,887
Interest expense, net	$	9,067	$	1,016
(Gain) loss on derivatives, net	$	17,077	$	(5,755)
(Income) loss from equity method investment	$	(167)	$	232
Income tax expense	$	5,832	$	8,690

Lease Operating Expenses ("LOE")

LOE are the costs incurred in the operation and maintenance of producing properties. Expenses for electricity, compression, direct labor, saltwater disposal and materials and supplies comprise the most significant portion of our lease operating expenses. Certain operating cost components, such as direct labor and materials and supplies, generally remain relatively fixed across broad production volume ranges, but can fluctuate depending on activities performed during a specific period. For instance, repairs to our pumping equipment or surface facilities or subsurface maintenance result in increased production expenses in periods during which they are performed. Certain operating cost components, such as saltwater disposal

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associated with produced water, are variable and increase or decrease as hydrocarbon production levels and the volume of completion water disposal increases or decreases.

The Company’s LOE increased by $7.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was driven primarily by the oil and natural gas properties acquired in the New Mexico Acquisition which contributed $7.5 million to the Company's LOE for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Production and Ad Valorem Tax Expense

Production taxes are paid on produced oil, natural gas and NGLs based on a percentage of revenues at fixed rates established by federal, state or local taxing authorities. In general, the production taxes we pay correlate to changes in our oil, natural gas and NGL revenues. We are also subject to ad valorem taxes in the counties where our production is located. Ad valorem taxes are generally based on the valuation of our oil and natural gas properties, which also trend with oil and natural gas prices and vary across the different counties in which we operate.

Production and ad valorem taxes increased by $3.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. Production taxes increased primarily due to increases in our oil and natural gas sales, including revenues from production associated with the oil and natural gas properties acquired in the New Mexico Acquisition. Ad valorem taxes increased for the three months ended March 31, 2024 based on higher estimated property values for the current taxable period and higher tax rates for the current taxable period.

Depletion, Depreciation, Amortization and Accretion Expense

Depletion, depreciation and amortization is the systematic expensing of the capitalized costs incurred to acquire, explore and develop oil, natural gas and NGLs. All costs incurred in the acquisition, exploration and development of properties (excluding costs of surrendered and abandoned leaseholds, delay lease rentals, dry holes and overhead related to exploration activities) are capitalized. Capitalized costs are depleted using the units of production method.

Accretion expense relates to ARO. We record the fair value of the liability for ARO in the period in which the liability is incurred (at the time the wells are drilled or acquired) with the offset to property cost. The liability accretes each period until it is settled or the well is sold, at which time the liability is removed.

Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion expense increased by $8.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to depletion associated with the oil and natural gas properties acquired in the New Mexico Acquisition and a higher depletion rate on the historical properties.

General and Administrative Expense ("G&A")

G&A expenses include corporate overhead such as payroll and benefits for our corporate staff, share-based compensation expense, office rent for our headquarters, audit and other fees for professional services and legal compliance. G&A expenses are reported net of overhead recoveries.

Total G&A expense increased by $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, primarily driven by higher share-based compensation expense.

Transaction Costs

Transaction costs represent costs incurred on successful or unsuccessful business combinations or unsuccessful property acquisitions. There were no transaction costs for the three months ended March 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the transaction costs of $1.9 million primarily related to the New Mexico Acquisition that closed April 3, 2023.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased by $8.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to higher debt balances, including the Senior Notes, as a result of financing for the New Mexico Acquisition, along with higher interest rates on borrowings under our Credit Facility, during the three months ended March 31, 2024 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023.

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Gain (Loss) on Derivatives

The Company recognizes settlements and changes in the fair value of its derivative contracts as a single component within other income (expense) on its condensed consolidated statements of operations. We have oil and natural gas derivative contracts, including fixed price swaps, basis swaps and collars, that settle against various indices. The following table presents the components of the Company's gain (loss) on derivatives, net for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Settlements on derivative contracts	$	104	$	(5,088)
Non-cash gain (loss) on derivatives	(17,181)		10,843
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net	$	(17,077)	$	5,755

Cash gains or losses on settled derivative contracts related to contracts that settle during the period and are a function of the difference in settled versus contractual prices and the associated hedged volumes for each underlying commodity. Non-cash gains or losses on derivatives relate to unsettled contracts and are a function of changes in derivative fair values associated with fluctuations in the forward price curves for the commodities relative to contractual pricing for our derivative contracts outstanding.

Income Tax Expense

Deferred income taxes are provided to reflect the future tax consequences or benefits of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements using enacted tax rates. See Note 11 - Income Taxes to the Company's accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements included herein for further discussion of income taxes.


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024			2023
	(In thousands)
Current income tax expense	$	3,946		$	3,407
Deferred income tax expense	1,886			5,283
Total income tax expense	$	5,832		$	8,690

Effective income tax rate	23.9		%	21.4		%

The rise in our effective income tax rate was primarily due to the New Mexico Acquisition increasing our apportionment in New Mexico, which has a higher state tax rate than where we have historically operated.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

The business of exploring for, developing and producing oil and natural gas is capital intensive. Because oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are a depleting resource, like all upstream operators, we must make capital investments to grow and even sustain production. The Company’s principal liquidity requirements are to finance its operations, fund capital expenditures and acquisitions, make cash distributions and satisfy any indebtedness obligations. Cash flows are subject to a number of variables, including the level of oil and natural gas production and prices, and the significant capital expenditures required to more fully develop the Company’s oil and natural gas properties. Historically, our primary sources of capital funding and liquidity have been our cash on hand, cash flow from operations and borrowings under our Credit Facility. At times and as needed, we may also issue debt or equity securities, including through transactions under our shelf registration statement filed with the SEC. In April 2023, the Company amended its Credit Facility to increase the borrowing base and issued Senior Notes to fund the New Mexico Acquisition. We estimate the combination of the sources of capital discussed above will continue to be adequate to meet our short and long-term liquidity needs.

Cash on hand and operating cash flow can be subject to fluctuations due to trends and uncertainties that are beyond our control. Likewise, our ability to issue equity and obtain credit facilities on favorable terms may be impacted by a variety of market factors as well as fluctuations in our results of operations. For further discussion of risks related to our liquidity and capital resources, see "Item 1A. Risk Factors."

Working Capital

Working capital is the difference in our current assets and our current liabilities. Working capital is an indication of liquidity and potential need for short-term funding. The change in our working capital requirements is driven generally by changes in accounts receivable, accounts payable, commodity prices, credit extended to, and the timing of collections from customers, the level and timing of spending for expansion activity, and the timing of debt maturities. As of March 31, 2024, we had a working capital deficit of $40.9 million compared to a deficit of $31.1 million as of December 31, 2023. The current portion of our Senior Notes, which includes our regularly scheduled principal payments of $5 million per quarter, accounts for $20 million of our working capital deficit as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The working capital deficit at March 31, 2024 reflects $9.8 million in current derivative liabilities compared to $0.4 million in current derivative liabilities at December 31, 2023. We utilize our Credit Facility and cash on hand to manage the timing of cash flows and fund short-term working capital deficits. Our current derivative assets and liabilities represent the mark-to-market value as of March 31, 2024 of future commodity production which will settle on a monthly basis through the end of their contractual terms. This aligns with the receipt of oil and natural gas revenues on a monthly basis.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes the Company’s cash flows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)

Net cash provided by operating activities	$	56,125	$	32,970
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(42,608)	$	(69,935)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	$	(22,272)	$	25,939

Operating Activities

The Company’s net cash provided by operating activities increased by $23.1 million, or 70%, to $56.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $33.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily driven by a $32.7 million increase in revenues and a $5.2 million decrease in payments to settle commodity derivative contracts, partially offset by a $9.3 million increase in certain expenses, including LOE and production and ad valorem taxes and a $7.1 million increase in interest paid.

Investing Activities

The Company's cash flows used in investing activities decreased by $27.3 million to $42.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $69.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to funds

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held in escrow associated with the Company's New Mexico Acquisition of $33.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, partially offset by a $1.9 million deposit for the 2024 NM Asset Acquisition and an increase of $3.8 million in contributions to the equity method investment in RPC Power for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Financing Activities

Net cash flow used in financing activities was $22.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to net cash flow provided by financing activities of $25.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company had repayments to its Credit Facility of $10.0 million and to its Senior Notes of $5.0 million, compared to a draw on its Credit Facility of $33.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, used to fund the escrow for the New Mexico Acquisition.

Credit Facility and Senior Notes

The borrowing base under the Company's Credit Facility was $375 million with outstanding borrowings of $175 million on March 31, 2024, representing available borrowing capacity of $200 million.

On February 22, 2023, the Company amended its Credit Facility to, among other things, allow for the issuance of Senior Notes of up to $200 million. On April 3, 2023, the Company amended its Credit Facility to, among other things, increase the borrowing base from $225 million to $325 million. On November 14, 2023, through the semi-annual redetermination, the Company increased its borrowing base to $375 million.

During 2023, the Company issued $200 million in principal amount of Senior Notes with a maturity date of April 2028. The proceeds from the Senior Notes were used to finance the New Mexico Acquisition. The principal balance of the Senior Notes as of March 31, 2024 was $180 million.

See further discussion in Note 9 - Long-Term Debt to the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.

Distributions

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company authorized and declared a quarterly dividend totaling approximately $7.3 million, with $7.2 million paid in cash and $0.1 million payable to restricted shareholders upon vesting.

Contractual Obligations

As of March 31, 2024, the Company has commitments with its primary midstream counterparty and has purchase commitments totaling $8.5 million related to its 2024 drilling program. In addition, the Company entered into an agreement in 2023 to form a joint venture and is committed to contributing its portion of capital expenditures into the joint venture company and further entered into a tolling agreement to commit to providing the natural gas needed for the joint venture. The Company has also committed to a CO2 purchase agreement for a daily contracted quantity for an initial term that extends through December 2025. See Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies in our notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The Company's critical accounting policies and estimates are described in "Critical Accounting Estimates" within "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Riley Permian's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The accounting estimates used in preparing our interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are the same as those described in Riley Permian's Annual Report.

See Note 3 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company's consolidated financial statements in "Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules" for a full discussion of our significant accounting policies.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not applicable.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management establishes and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO"), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. We evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2024, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, as well as other key members of our management. Based on this evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2024.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2024 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may be involved in various legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. The ultimate outcome of any such proceedings or claims, and any resulting impact on us, cannot be predicted with certainty. The Company believes that the amount of the liability, if any, ultimately incurred with respect to any such proceedings or claims will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity, capital resources, results of operations or cash flows.

Refer to "Part I. Item 3 - Legal Proceedings" of Riley Permian's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and "Part I. Item 1. Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies" in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements set forth in this Quarterly Report (which is incorporated by reference herein) for additional information.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the information set forth in this Quarterly Report, the risks that are discussed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, under the headings "Part I. Item 1. and Item 2. Business and Properties," "Part II. Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Part II. Item 1A. Risk Factors," should be carefully considered, as such risks could materially affect the Company's business, financial condition or future results. There has been no material change in the Company's risk factors from those that were described in the Company's 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities

Our common stock repurchase activity during the first quarter of 2024 was as follows:


Month Ended	Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plan or Programs	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan or Programs
January 31	4,440	$	23.05	—	—
February 29	152	$	22.48	—	—
March 31	—	$	—	—	—

_____________________

(1)These amounts reflect the shares received by us from employees for the payment of personal income tax withholding on vesting transactions. The acquisition of the surrendered shares was not part of a publicly announced program to repurchase shares of our common stock. Any shares repurchased by the Company for personal tax withholdings are immediately retired upon repurchase.

Item 5. Other Information

During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit Number			Description

3.1			First Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Riley Exploration Permian, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2021, Registration No. 333-253750).
3.2			Third Amended and Restated Bylaws of Riley Exploration Permian, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 23, 2022).
4 .1			Description of Registrant's Securities (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 6, 2024).
4.2			Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 3, 2023, among Riley Exploration - Permian, LLC, as Issuer, Riley Exploration Permian, Inc., as Parent, each of the subsidiaries of the Issuer party thereto as guarantors, each of the holders from time to time party thereto, and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as agent for the holders (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 4, 2023).








31.1*			Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2*			Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1*			Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C., Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2*			Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C., Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS*			XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*			XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*			XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*			XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*			XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*			XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document

* Filed herewith.

† Compensatory plan or arrangement.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.


	RILEY EXPLORATION PERMIAN, INC.

Date: May 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Bobby D. Riley
		Bobby D. Riley
		Chief Executive Officer and President

	By:	/s/ Philip Riley
		Philip Riley
		Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of Strategy

Exhibit 31.1


			CERTIFICATION

I, Bobby D. Riley, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Riley Exploration Permian, Inc. for the year ended March 31, 2024.

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


			Dated:			May 8, 2024
			By:			/s/ Bobby D. Riley
						Bobby D. Riley
						Chief Executive Officer and President

Exhibit 31.2


			CERTIFICATION

I, Philip Riley, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Riley Exploration Permian, Inc. for the year ended March 31, 2024.

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.


			Dated:			May 8, 2024
			By:			/s/ Philip Riley
						Philip Riley
						Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of Strategy

Exhibit 32.1


			CERTIFICATION

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 I hereby certify that:

I have reviewed the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Riley Exploration Permian, Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended March 31, 2024 (the “Report”).

To the best of my knowledge the Report (i) fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m (a) or 78o (d)); and, (ii) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


			Dated:			May 8, 2024
			By:			/s/ Bobby D. Riley
						Bobby D. Riley
						Chief Executive Officer and President

Exhibit 32.2


			CERTIFICATION

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 I hereby certify that:

I have reviewed the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Riley Exploration Permian, Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended March 31, 2024 (the “Report”).


			Dated:			May 8, 2024
			By:			/s/ Philip Riley
						Philip Riley
						Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of Strategy

Cover - shares	3 Months Ended
Cover - shares	Mar. 31, 2024	May 03, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-15555
Entity Registrant Name	Riley Exploration Permian, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	87-0267438
Entity Address, Address Line One	29 E. Reno Avenue
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 500
Entity Address, City or Town	Oklahoma City
Entity Address, State or Province	OK
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	73104
City Area Code	405
Local Phone Number	415-8699
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock, par value $0.001
Trading Symbol	REPX
Security Exchange Name	NYSEAMER
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		21,543,798
Entity Central Index Key	0001001614
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current Assets:
Cash	$ 6,564	$ 15,319
Accounts receivable	38,583	35,126
Prepaid expenses	5,698	1,625
Inventory	6,351	6,177
Current derivative assets	1,638	5,013
Total current assets	58,834	63,260
Oil and natural gas properties, net (successful efforts)	856,388	846,901
Other property and equipment, net	20,545	20,653
Non-current derivative assets	705	2,296
Other non-current assets, net	19,894	12,601
Total Assets	956,366	945,711
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	12,016	3,855
Accrued liabilities	20,684	33,159
Revenue payable	30,113	30,695
Current derivative liabilities	9,812	360
Current portion of long-term debt	20,000	20,000
Other current liabilities	7,131	6,276
Total Current Liabilities	99,756	94,345
Non-current derivative liabilities	2,763	0
Asset retirement obligations	21,108	19,255
Long-term debt	321,842	335,959
Deferred tax liabilities	75,231	73,345
Other non-current liabilities	1,056	1,212
Total Liabilities	521,756	524,116
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 13)
Shareholders' Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 25,000,000 shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $0.000 par value, 240,000 shares authorized; $20,400 and 20,405 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	20	20
Additional paid-in capital	280,698	279,112
Retained earnings	153,892	142,463
Total Shareholders' Equity	434,610	421,595
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity	$ 956,366	$ 945,711

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (PARENTHETICAL) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value (USD per Share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in Shares)	25,000,000	25,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in Shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in Shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (USD per Share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in Shares)	240,000,000	240,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in Shares)	20,400,032	20,405,093
Common stock, shares outstanding (in Shares)	20,400,032	20,405,093

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Revenues:
Total Revenues	$ 99,744	$ 67,012
Costs and Expenses:
Lease operating expenses	16,769	8,875
Production and ad valorem taxes	7,231	4,110
Exploration costs	4	332
Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion	17,779	9,083
General and administrative:
Administrative costs	5,339	5,467
Share-based compensation expense	1,692	1,114
Transaction costs	0	1,887
Total Costs and Expenses	49,177	30,978
Income from Operations	50,567	36,034
Other Income (Expense):
Interest expense, net	(9,067)	(1,016)
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net	(17,077)	5,755
Income (loss) from equity method investment	167	(232)
Total Other Income (Expense)	(25,977)	4,507
Net Income from Operations before Income Taxes	24,590	40,541
Income tax expense	(5,832)	(8,690)
Net Income	$ 18,758	$ 31,851
Net Income per Share:
Basic (USD per Share)	$ 0.94	$ 1.62
Diluted (USD per Share)	$ 0.94	$ 1.60
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding:
Basic (in Shares)	19,891	19,649
Diluted (in Shares)	19,992	19,910
Related Party
General and administrative:
Cost of contract services	$ 363	$ 110
Oil and natural gas sales, net
Revenues:
Total Revenues	99,424	66,412
Contract services - related parties
Revenues:
Total Revenues	$ 320	$ 600

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings
Beginning balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		20,161,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 333,446	$ 20	$ 274,643	$ 58,783
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation expense (in Shares)		16,000
Share-based compensation expense	1,260		1,260
Repurchased shares for tax withholding (in Shares)		(8,000)
Repurchased shares for tax withholding	(234)		(234)
Dividends declared	(6,851)			(6,851)
Net income	31,851			31,851
Ending balance (in Shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		20,169,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 359,472	$ 20	275,669	83,783
Beginning balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	20,405,093	20,405,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 421,595	$ 20	279,112	142,463
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation expense	1,692		1,692
Repurchased shares for tax withholding (in Shares)		(5,000)
Repurchased shares for tax withholding	(106)		(106)
Dividends declared	(7,329)			(7,329)
Net income	$ 18,758			18,758
Ending balance (in Shares) at Mar. 31, 2024	20,400,032	20,400,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 434,610	$ 20	$ 280,698	$ 153,892

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		15 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income	$ 18,758	$ 31,851
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Exploratory well costs and lease expirations	0	332
Depletion, depreciation, amortization and accretion	17,779	9,083
(Gain) loss on derivatives, net	17,077	(5,755)
Settlements on derivative contracts	104	(5,088)
Amortization of deferred financing costs and discount	1,315	192
Share-based compensation expense	1,692	1,260
Deferred income tax expense	1,886	5,283
Other	(240)	232
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable	(3,457)	911
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	205	(1,276)
Other non-current assets	(217)	0
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(170)	(3,894)
Inventory	(174)	(5,031)
Revenue payable	(582)	1,611
Other current liabilities	2,149	3,259
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	56,125	32,970
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Additions to oil and natural gas properties	(34,939)	(34,986)
Contributions to equity method investment	(5,619)	(1,840)
Funds held in escrow	(1,926)	(33,000)
Additions to other property and equipment	(124)	(109)
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(42,608)	(69,935)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Deferred financing costs	0	(49)
Proceeds from credit facility	0	33,000
Repayments under credit facility	(10,000)	0
Repayments of Senior Notes	(5,000)	0
Payment of common share dividends	(7,166)	(6,778)
Common stock repurchased for tax withholding	(106)	(234)
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities	(22,272)	25,939
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents	(8,755)	(11,026)
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period	15,319	13,301	$ 13,301
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period	6,564	2,275	$ 6,564
Cash Paid For:
Interest, net of capitalized interest	8,324	788
Non-cash Investing and Financing Activities:
Changes in capital expenditures in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(4,210)	2,870
Assets contributed to equity method investment	$ 0	$ 2,272

Organization and Nature of Business	3 Months Ended
Organization and Nature of Business	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Organization and Nature of Business	Organization and Nature of Business Riley Permian is a growth-oriented, independent oil and natural gas company focused on the acquisition, exploration, development and production of oil, natural gas and NGLs in Texas and New Mexico. Our activities primarily include the horizontal development of conventional reservoirs on the Northwest Shelf of the Permian Basin. Our acreage is primarily located on large, contiguous blocks in Yoakum County, Texas and Eddy County, New Mexico. On April 3, 2023 (the "Closing Date"), the Company completed the acquisition of oil and natural gas assets (the "New Mexico Acquisition") from Pecos Oil & Gas, LLC ("Pecos"), a Delaware limited liability company and an affiliate of Cibolo Energy Partners LLC. For further information regarding the New Mexico Acquisition, see Note 4 - Acquisitions of Oil and Natural Gas Properties.

Basis of Presentation	3 Months Ended
Basis of Presentation	Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2024 and for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 include the accounts of Riley Permian and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period financial statement presentation. These reclassifications had an immaterial effect on the previously reported total assets, total liabilities, shareholders' equity, results of operations or cash flows. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. These condensed consolidated financial statements have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary for fair presentation of the results of operations for the periods presented, which adjustments were of a normal recurring nature, except as disclosed herein. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2024, for various reasons, including fluctuations in prices received for oil and natural gas, natural production declines, the uncertainty of exploration and development drilling results, fluctuations in the fair value of derivative instruments, the current and future impacts of the military conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and Israel and Hamas, the volatile inflationary environment in U.S. markets and other factors.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Estimates

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable is summarized below:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Oil, natural gas and NGL sales	$	36,599	$	31,135
Joint interest accounts receivable	1,973		1,630

Other accounts receivable	11		2,361
Total accounts receivable	$	38,583	$	35,126

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had accounts receivables from oil, natural gas and NGL sales of $24.1 million.

The Company had no allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Other Non-Current Assets, Net

Other non-current assets consisted of the following:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Deferred financing costs, net (1)	$	3,441	$	3,844
Right of use assets	1,666		1,890
Equity method investment	11,406		5,620
Other	3,381		1,247
Total other non-current assets, net	$	19,894	$	12,601

_____________________

(1)Deferred financing costs, net reflects costs associated with the Company's Credit Facility which are amortized over the term of the Credit Facility.

Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Accrued capital expenditures	$	6,766	$	15,851
Accrued lease operating expenses	5,952		6,038

Accrued general and administrative costs	5,789		4,655




Accrued ad valorem tax	1,284		5,269

Other accrued expenditures	893		1,346
Total accrued liabilities	$	20,684	$	33,159

Asset Retirement Obligations

Components of the changes in ARO for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023 are shown below:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023

	(In thousands)
ARO, beginning balance	$	23,044	$	3,038
Liabilities incurred	9		45
Liabilities assumed in acquisitions	—		19,359

Liability settlements and disposals	(104)		(1,039)
Accretion	532		1,641
ARO, ending balance	23,481		23,044
Less: current ARO (1)	(2,373)		(3,789)
ARO, long-term	$	21,108	$	19,255

_____________________

(1)Current ARO is included within other current liabilities on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Revenue Recognition

The following table presents oil and natural gas sales disaggregated by product:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Oil and natural gas sales:
Oil	$	96,992	$	64,974
Natural gas	683		523
NGLs	1,749		915
Total oil and natural gas sales, net	$	99,424	$	66,412

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Acquisitions of Oil and Natural Gas Properties

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Acquisitions of Oil and Natural Gas Properties

New Mexico Acquisition


Purchase price allocation (in thousands):

Total cash consideration	$	324,686

Assets acquired:

Inventory	$	2,980
Oil and natural gas properties	342,308
Other	$	149
Amount attributable to assets acquired	$	345,437

Liabilities assumed:
Revenue payable	$	1,475
Asset retirement obligations	19,276
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	$	20,751



Net assets acquired	$	324,686

Post-Acquisition Operating Results

Pro Forma Operating Results


		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2023
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Total revenues		$	97,607
Net income		$	33,798
Basic net income per common share		$	1.72
Diluted net income per common share		$	1.70

Entry into Purchase and Sale Agreement

Oil and Natural Gas Properties

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Extractive Industries [Abstract]

Oil and Natural Gas Properties

Oil and natural gas properties are summarized below:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Proved	$	924,429	$	895,783
Unproved	99,301		100,216
Work-in-progress	55,784		57,004
	1,079,514		1,053,003
Accumulated depletion, amortization and impairment	(223,126)		(206,102)
Total oil and natural gas properties, net	$	856,388	$	846,901

Depletion and amortization expense for proved oil and natural gas properties was $17.0 million and $8.9 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Derivative Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Instruments

Oil and Natural Gas Contracts


		Weighted Average Price
Calendar Quarter / Year	Notional Volume	Fixed		Put		Call
		($ per unit)
Oil Swaps (Bbl)

Q2 2024	465,000	$	74.76
Q3 2024	405,000	$	74.35
Q4 2024	360,000	$	73.94
2025	510,000	$	72.50

Natural Gas Swaps (Mcf)
Q2 2024	600,000	$	3.21
Q3 2024	600,000	$	3.21
Q4 2024	450,000	$	3.67
2025	1,235,000	$	3.75
2026	450,000	$	4.01

Oil Collars (Bbl)

Q2 2024	390,000			$	61.08	$	85.76
Q3 2024	366,000			$	61.00	$	83.61
Q4 2024	390,000			$	61.92	$	83.39
2025	1,465,000			$	63.35	$	75.94

Natural Gas Collars (Mcf)
Q2 2024	405,000			$	3.01	$	3.68
Q3 2024	405,000			$	3.01	$	3.68
Q4 2024	405,000			$	3.50	$	4.45
2025	1,215,000			$	3.28	$	4.30

Oil Basis (Bbl)

Q2 2024	330,000	$	0.97
Q3 2024	330,000	$	0.97
Q4 2024	330,000	$	0.97

Interest Rate Contracts

At the time of settlement of these interest rate derivative contracts, gain or loss on settlement will be included in interest expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table summarizes the open interest rate derivative positions as of March 31, 2024:


Open Coverage Period	Position	Notional Amount		Fixed Rate
		(In thousands)
April 2024 - April 2026	Long	$	30,000	3.180	%
April 2024 - April 2026	Long	$	50,000	3.039	%
May 2024 - December 2024	Short	$	80,000	4.910	%

Balance Sheet Presentation of Derivatives

The following tables present the location and fair value of the Company’s derivative contracts included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	March 31, 2024
Balance Sheet Classification	Gross Fair Value		Amounts Netted		Net Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Current derivative assets	$	6,488	$	(4,850)	$	1,638
Non-current derivative assets	6,175		(5,470)		705
Current derivative liabilities	(14,662)		4,850		(9,812)
Non-current derivative liabilities	(8,233)		5,470		(2,763)
Total	$	(10,232)	$	—	$	(10,232)

	December 31, 2023
Balance Sheet Classification	Gross Fair Value		Amounts Netted		Net Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Current derivative assets	$	8,948	$	(3,935)	$	5,013
Non-current derivative assets	6,687		(4,391)		2,296
Current derivative liabilities	(4,295)		3,935		(360)
Non-current derivative liabilities	(4,391)		4,391		—
Total	$	6,949	$	—	$	6,949

The following table presents the components of the Company's gain (loss) on derivatives, net for the periods presented below:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Settlements on derivative contracts	$	104	$	(5,088)
Non-cash gain (loss) on derivatives	(17,181)		10,843
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net	$	(17,077)	$	5,755

Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis


	March 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Commodity derivative assets	$	—	$	10,712	$	—	$	10,712
Interest rate assets	$	—	$	1,951	$	—	$	1,951
Financial liabilities:
Commodity derivative liabilities	$	—	$	(22,895)	$	—	$	(22,895)


	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Commodity derivative assets	$	—	$	14,766	$	—	$	14,766
Interest rate assets	$	—	$	869	$	—	$	869
Financial liabilities:
Commodity derivative liabilities	$	—	$	(8,686)	$	—	$	(8,686)

The following table summarizes the fair value and carrying amount of the Company's financial instruments.


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Credit Facility (Level 2)	$	175,000	$	175,000	$	185,000	$	185,000
Senior Notes (Level 2)(1)	$	166,842	$	190,426	$	170,959	$	185,346

_____________________

(1)The carrying value reported for the Senior Notes is shown net of unamortized discount and unamortized deferred financing costs.

Transactions with Related Parties

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Transactions with Related Parties

Contract Services

The following table presents revenues from and related cost for contract services for related parties:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Combo	$	100	$	300
REG	220		300
Contract services - related parties	$	320	$	600

Cost of contract services	$	363	$	110

Consulting and Legal Fees

Long-Term Debt

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt

The following table summarizes the Company's outstanding debt:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)
Credit Facility	$	175,000	$	185,000
Senior Notes
Principal	180,000		185,000
Less: Unamortized discount(1)	9,473		10,117
Less: Unamortized deferred financing costs(2)	3,685		3,924
Total Senior Notes	166,842		170,959

Total debt	341,842		355,959
Less: Current portion of long-term debt(3)	20,000		20,000

Total long-term debt	$	321,842	$	335,959

___________________

(1)Unamortized discount on long-term debt is amortized over the term of the respective debt.

(2)Unamortized deferred financing costs are attributable to and amortized over the term of the Senior Notes.

(3)As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the current portion of long-term debt reflects $20 million due on the Senior Notes over the next twelve months.

Credit Facility

The Credit Facility is set to mature in April 2026. Substantially all of the Company’s assets are pledged to secure the Credit Facility. The following table summarizes the Credit Facility balances:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)
Outstanding borrowings	$	175,000	$	185,000
Available under the borrowing base	$	200,000	$	190,000

Senior Notes

The following table summarizes the Company's interest expense:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Interest expense	8,743		1,294
Interest income	(207)		—
Capitalized interest	(964)		(615)
Amortization of deferred financing costs	671		192
Amortization of discount on Senior Notes	644		—
Unused commitment fees on Credit Facility	180		145
Total interest expense, net	$	9,067	$	1,016

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the weighted average interest rate on outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility was 8.51% and 8.68%, respectively.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all covenants contained in the credit agreement for the Credit Facility and in the Note Purchase Agreement.

Shareholders' Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Shareholders' Equity

Dividends

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company declared quarterly dividends on its common stock totaling approximately $7.3 million and $6.9 million, respectively.

Share-Based Compensation

2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan

The following table presents the Company's restricted stock activity during the three months ended March 31, 2024 under the A&R LTIP:


2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan
	Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2023	521,997	$	24.37
Granted	—	$	—
Vested	(15,285)	$	24.39
Forfeited	(469)	$	20.27
Unvested at March 31, 2024	506,243	$	24.82

ATM Program

outstanding debt, financing acquisitions or investments, financing other business opportunities, and general working capital purposes.

Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

The components of the Company's consolidated provision for income taxes from operations are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Current income tax expense:
Federal	$	3,577	$	3,207
State	369		200
Total current income tax expense	3,946		3,407
Deferred income tax expense:
Federal	1,513		5,088
State	373		195
Total deferred income tax expense	1,886		5,283
Total income tax expense	$	5,832	$	8,690

A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company's effective income tax rate is as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Tax at statutory rate	21.0	%	21.0	%
Nondeductible compensation	0.5	%	—	%

Share-based compensation	—	%	(0.4)	%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	2.4	%	0.8	%


Effective income tax rate	23.9	%	21.4	%

Net Income Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income Per Share

The Company calculated net income per share using the treasury stock method. The table below sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share for the periods presented below:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Net income	$	18,758	$	31,851

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding	19,891		19,649
Restricted shares	101		261
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	19,992		19,910

Basic net income per share	$	0.94	$	1.62
Diluted net income per share	$	0.94	$	1.60

The following shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share due to their anti-dilutive effect for the periods presented:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023


Restricted shares	409,822	246,358

Commitments and Contingencies	3 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Mar. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Legal Matters Due to the nature of the Company's business, the Company may at times be subject to claims and legal actions. The Company accrues liabilities when it is probable that future costs will be incurred, and such costs can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are based on developments to date and the Company’s estimates of the outcomes of these matters. The Company did not recognize any material liability for legal matters as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023. Management believes it is remote that the impact of such matters will have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. Environmental Matters The Company is subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. These laws, which are often changing, regulate the discharge of materials into the environment and may require the Company to remove or mitigate the environmental effects of the disposal or release of petroleum or chemical substances at various sites. The Company had no material environmental liabilities as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023. Contractual Commitments In October 2021, the Company executed an agreement related to its EOR project. This agreement is a CO2 purchase agreement that has a daily contract quantity with Kinder Morgan CO2 Company, LLC with a primary term extending through the earlier of the total contract quantity delivered or December 31, 2025. In August 2022, the Company entered into a second amendment on its gas gathering and processing agreement with its primary midstream counterparty, Stakeholder Midstream LLC ("Stakeholder"). Stakeholder committed to expand its gathering and processing system with a commitment from the Company to deliver an annual minimum volume to Stakeholder’s gathering system for a minimum of seven years beginning on the in-service date of the expanded plant, which is expected to be during the second quarter. The Company entered into agreements with RPC Power including one of its subsidiaries, which include RPC Power providing operational expertise on the implementation and management of the power generation assets for a monthly fee of $20 thousand for a period of 10 years. In addition, the Company entered into a tolling agreement and committed to provide the natural gas needed to fuel the onsite power generators for 10 years following the in-service date, with an automatic yearly extension until terminated by either party, for a fee based on a per MMBtu basis adjusted for contractual usage factors. In October 2023, the Company entered into a purchase agreement for pipe related to its 2024 drilling program. As of March 31, 2024, the Company has commitments to purchase approximately $8.5 million of pipe by December 2024.

Subsequent Events	3 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Mar. 31, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Events Dividend Declaration On April 11, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.36 per share of common stock payable on May 9, 2024 to its shareholders of record at the close of business on April 25, 2024. Equity Offering On April 3, 2024, the Company issued 1,015,000 shares of common stock at a par value of $0.001 per share. Net proceeds from the issuance were approximately $25.9 million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions. Asset Acquisition On May 7, 2024, the Company closed the 2024 NM Asset Acquisition for approximately $20.5 million, subject to customary post-closing adjustments.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ 18,758	$ 31,851

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	3 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Consolidation	These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2024 and for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 include the accounts of Riley Permian and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Significant Estimates	Significant Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions may also affect disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company evaluates these estimates on an ongoing basis, using historical experience, consultation with experts and other methods the Company considers reasonable in the particular circumstances. Actual results may differ significantly from the Company’s estimates. Any effects on the Company’s business, financial position or results of operations resulting from revisions to these estimates are recorded in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, estimates of proved oil and natural gas reserves and related present value estimates of future net cash flows therefrom, the carrying value of oil and natural gas properties, accounts receivable, accrued capital expenditures and operating expenses, ARO, the fair value determination of acquired assets and assumed liabilities, certain tax accruals and the fair value of derivatives.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Recent Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which enhances the disclosures required for operating segments in the Company’s annual and interim consolidated financial statements. This ASU is effective retrospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in this standard provide for enhanced income tax information primarily through changes to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. This ASU is effective for the Company prospectively to all annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its disclosures.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable is summarized below:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Oil, natural gas and NGL sales	$	36,599	$	31,135
Joint interest accounts receivable	1,973		1,630

Other accounts receivable	11		2,361
Total accounts receivable	$	38,583	$	35,126

Schedule of Other Non-Current Assets, Net

Other non-current assets consisted of the following:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Deferred financing costs, net (1)	$	3,441	$	3,844
Right of use assets	1,666		1,890
Equity method investment	11,406		5,620
Other	3,381		1,247
Total other non-current assets, net	$	19,894	$	12,601

_____________________

(1)Deferred financing costs, net reflects costs associated with the Company's Credit Facility which are amortized over the term of the Credit Facility.

Schedule of Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Accrued capital expenditures	$	6,766	$	15,851
Accrued lease operating expenses	5,952		6,038

Accrued general and administrative costs	5,789		4,655




Accrued ad valorem tax	1,284		5,269

Other accrued expenditures	893		1,346
Total accrued liabilities	$	20,684	$	33,159

Schedule of Asset Retirement Obligations

Components of the changes in ARO for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023 are shown below:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023

	(In thousands)
ARO, beginning balance	$	23,044	$	3,038
Liabilities incurred	9		45
Liabilities assumed in acquisitions	—		19,359

Liability settlements and disposals	(104)		(1,039)
Accretion	532		1,641
ARO, ending balance	23,481		23,044
Less: current ARO (1)	(2,373)		(3,789)
ARO, long-term	$	21,108	$	19,255

_____________________

(1)Current ARO is included within other current liabilities on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents oil and natural gas sales disaggregated by product:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Oil and natural gas sales:
Oil	$	96,992	$	64,974
Natural gas	683		523
NGLs	1,749		915
Total oil and natural gas sales, net	$	99,424	$	66,412

Acquisitions of Oil and Natural Gas Properties (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Schedule of Recognized Identified Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed


Purchase price allocation (in thousands):

Total cash consideration	$	324,686

Assets acquired:

Inventory	$	2,980
Oil and natural gas properties	342,308
Other	$	149
Amount attributable to assets acquired	$	345,437

Liabilities assumed:
Revenue payable	$	1,475
Asset retirement obligations	19,276
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	$	20,751



Net assets acquired	$	324,686

Schedule of Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information


		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2023
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Total revenues		$	97,607
Net income		$	33,798
Basic net income per common share		$	1.72
Diluted net income per common share		$	1.70

Oil and Natural Gas Properties (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Extractive Industries [Abstract]

Schedule of Oil and Gas Properties

Oil and natural gas properties are summarized below:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023


	(In thousands)
Proved	$	924,429	$	895,783
Unproved	99,301		100,216
Work-in-progress	55,784		57,004
	1,079,514		1,053,003
Accumulated depletion, amortization and impairment	(223,126)		(206,102)
Total oil and natural gas properties, net	$	856,388	$	846,901

Derivative Instruments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Notional Amounts of Outstanding Derivative Positions

The following table summarizes the open financial derivative positions as of March 31, 2024, related to our future oil and natural gas production:


		Weighted Average Price
Calendar Quarter / Year	Notional Volume	Fixed		Put		Call
		($ per unit)
Oil Swaps (Bbl)

Q2 2024	465,000	$	74.76
Q3 2024	405,000	$	74.35
Q4 2024	360,000	$	73.94
2025	510,000	$	72.50

Natural Gas Swaps (Mcf)
Q2 2024	600,000	$	3.21
Q3 2024	600,000	$	3.21
Q4 2024	450,000	$	3.67
2025	1,235,000	$	3.75
2026	450,000	$	4.01

Oil Collars (Bbl)

Q2 2024	390,000			$	61.08	$	85.76
Q3 2024	366,000			$	61.00	$	83.61
Q4 2024	390,000			$	61.92	$	83.39
2025	1,465,000			$	63.35	$	75.94

Natural Gas Collars (Mcf)
Q2 2024	405,000			$	3.01	$	3.68
Q3 2024	405,000			$	3.01	$	3.68
Q4 2024	405,000			$	3.50	$	4.45
2025	1,215,000			$	3.28	$	4.30

Oil Basis (Bbl)

Q2 2024	330,000	$	0.97
Q3 2024	330,000	$	0.97
Q4 2024	330,000	$	0.97

The following table summarizes the open interest rate derivative positions as of March 31, 2024:


Open Coverage Period	Position	Notional Amount		Fixed Rate
		(In thousands)
April 2024 - April 2026	Long	$	30,000	3.180	%
April 2024 - April 2026	Long	$	50,000	3.039	%
May 2024 - December 2024	Short	$	80,000	4.910	%

Schedule of Derivative Instruments Location and Fair Value

The following tables present the location and fair value of the Company’s derivative contracts included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	March 31, 2024
Balance Sheet Classification	Gross Fair Value		Amounts Netted		Net Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Current derivative assets	$	6,488	$	(4,850)	$	1,638
Non-current derivative assets	6,175		(5,470)		705
Current derivative liabilities	(14,662)		4,850		(9,812)
Non-current derivative liabilities	(8,233)		5,470		(2,763)
Total	$	(10,232)	$	—	$	(10,232)

	December 31, 2023
Balance Sheet Classification	Gross Fair Value		Amounts Netted		Net Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Current derivative assets	$	8,948	$	(3,935)	$	5,013
Non-current derivative assets	6,687		(4,391)		2,296
Current derivative liabilities	(4,295)		3,935		(360)
Non-current derivative liabilities	(4,391)		4,391		—
Total	$	6,949	$	—	$	6,949

Schedule of Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss)

The following table presents the components of the Company's gain (loss) on derivatives, net for the periods presented below:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Settlements on derivative contracts	$	104	$	(5,088)
Non-cash gain (loss) on derivatives	(17,181)		10,843
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net	$	(17,077)	$	5,755

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis

The following table presents the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, by level within the fair value hierarchy:


	March 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Commodity derivative assets	$	—	$	10,712	$	—	$	10,712
Interest rate assets	$	—	$	1,951	$	—	$	1,951
Financial liabilities:
Commodity derivative liabilities	$	—	$	(22,895)	$	—	$	(22,895)


	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Commodity derivative assets	$	—	$	14,766	$	—	$	14,766
Interest rate assets	$	—	$	869	$	—	$	869
Financial liabilities:
Commodity derivative liabilities	$	—	$	(8,686)	$	—	$	(8,686)

The following table summarizes the fair value and carrying amount of the Company's financial instruments.


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
	(In thousands)
Credit Facility (Level 2)	$	175,000	$	175,000	$	185,000	$	185,000
Senior Notes (Level 2)(1)	$	166,842	$	190,426	$	170,959	$	185,346

_____________________

(1)The carrying value reported for the Senior Notes is shown net of unamortized discount and unamortized deferred financing costs.

Transactions with Related Parties (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Schedule of Related Party Transactions

The following table presents revenues from and related cost for contract services for related parties:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Combo	$	100	$	300
REG	220		300
Contract services - related parties	$	320	$	600

Cost of contract services	$	363	$	110

Long-Term Debt (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Debt

The following table summarizes the Company's outstanding debt:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)
Credit Facility	$	175,000	$	185,000
Senior Notes
Principal	180,000		185,000
Less: Unamortized discount(1)	9,473		10,117
Less: Unamortized deferred financing costs(2)	3,685		3,924
Total Senior Notes	166,842		170,959

Total debt	341,842		355,959
Less: Current portion of long-term debt(3)	20,000		20,000

Total long-term debt	$	321,842	$	335,959

___________________

(1)Unamortized discount on long-term debt is amortized over the term of the respective debt.

(2)Unamortized deferred financing costs are attributable to and amortized over the term of the Senior Notes.

(3)As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the current portion of long-term debt reflects $20 million due on the Senior Notes over the next twelve months.

Schedule of Credit Facility

The following table summarizes the Credit Facility balances:


	March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)
Outstanding borrowings	$	175,000	$	185,000
Available under the borrowing base	$	200,000	$	190,000

Schedule of Components of Interest Expense

The following table summarizes the Company's interest expense:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Interest expense	8,743		1,294
Interest income	(207)		—
Capitalized interest	(964)		(615)
Amortization of deferred financing costs	671		192
Amortization of discount on Senior Notes	644		—
Unused commitment fees on Credit Facility	180		145
Total interest expense, net	$	9,067	$	1,016

Shareholders' Equity (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Restricted Stock, Activity

The following table presents the Company's restricted stock activity during the three months ended March 31, 2024 under the A&R LTIP:


2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan
	Restricted Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at December 31, 2023	521,997	$	24.37
Granted	—	$	—
Vested	(15,285)	$	24.39
Forfeited	(469)	$	20.27
Unvested at March 31, 2024	506,243	$	24.82

Income Taxes (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense

The components of the Company's consolidated provision for income taxes from operations are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Current income tax expense:
Federal	$	3,577	$	3,207
State	369		200
Total current income tax expense	3,946		3,407
Deferred income tax expense:
Federal	1,513		5,088
State	373		195
Total deferred income tax expense	1,886		5,283
Total income tax expense	$	5,832	$	8,690

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the Company's effective income tax rate is as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands)
Tax at statutory rate	21.0	%	21.0	%
Nondeductible compensation	0.5	%	—	%

Share-based compensation	—	%	(0.4)	%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	2.4	%	0.8	%


Effective income tax rate	23.9	%	21.4	%

Net Income Per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Net income Per Shares

The table below sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share for the periods presented below:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)

Net income	$	18,758	$	31,851

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding	19,891		19,649
Restricted shares	101		261
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	19,992		19,910

Basic net income per share	$	0.94	$	1.62
Diluted net income per share	$	0.94	$	1.60

Schedule of Anti-Dilutive Shares

The following shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share due to their anti-dilutive effect for the periods presented:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024	2023


Restricted shares	409,822	246,358

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Oil, natural gas and NGL sales	$ 36,599	$ 31,135	$ 24,100
Joint interest accounts receivable	1,973	1,630
Other accounts receivable	11	2,361
Total accounts receivable	$ 38,583	$ 35,126

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		15 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Receivables from oil, natural gas and NGL sales	$ 36,599,000	$ 36,599,000		$ 36,599,000	$ 31,135,000	$ 24,100,000
Allowance for credit losses	0	0		0	0
Contributions to equity method investment		5,619,000	$ 1,840,000
Equity method investment	11,406,000	11,406,000		11,406,000	$ 5,620,000
Assets contributed to equity method investment		$ 0	$ 2,272,000
RPC Power, LLC
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Contributions to equity method investment	$ 5,600,000			$ 9,200,000
Equity method investment, ownership percentage	35.00%	35.00%		35.00%
Equity method investment	$ 11,500,000	$ 11,500,000		$ 11,500,000
Assets contributed to equity method investment				$ 2,300,000

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Other Non-Current Assets, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Deferred financing costs, net	$ 3,441	$ 3,844
Right of use assets	1,666	1,890
Equity method investment	11,406	5,620
Other	3,381	1,247
Total other non-current assets, net	$ 19,894	$ 12,601

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Accrued capital expenditures	$ 6,766	$ 15,851
Accrued lease operating expenses	5,952	6,038
Accrued general and administrative costs	5,789	4,655
Accrued ad valorem tax	1,284	5,269
Other accrued expenditures	893	1,346
Total accrued liabilities	$ 20,684	$ 33,159

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Asset Retirement Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Asset Retirement Obligation, Roll Forward Analysis [Roll Forward]
ARO, beginning balance	$ 23,044	$ 3,038
Liabilities incurred	9	45
Liabilities assumed in acquisitions	0	19,359
Liability settlements and disposals	(104)	(1,039)
Accretion	532	1,641
ARO, ending balance	23,481	23,044
Less: current ARO	(2,373)	(3,789)
ARO, long-term	$ 21,108	$ 19,255

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenues	$ 99,744	$ 67,012
Oil and natural gas sales, net
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenues	99,424	66,412
Oil
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenues	96,992	64,974
Natural gas
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenues	683	523
NGLs
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total Revenues	$ 1,749	$ 915

Acquisitions of Oil and Natural Gas Properties - Narrative (Details)			1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	May 07, 2024 USD ($)	Apr. 03, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Apr. 03, 2023 a	Apr. 03, 2023 horizontalWell	Apr. 03, 2023 verticalWell	Feb. 22, 2023 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Escrow deposit				$ 1,926,000	$ 33,000,000
Transaction costs				0	1,887,000
2024 NM Asset Acquisition
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Deposit paid to customer			$ 1,900,000
2024 NM Asset Acquisition \| Subsequent Event
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Aggregate purchase price	$ 20,500,000
10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 \| Senior Notes
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount		$ 200,000,000							$ 200,000,000
New Mexico Acquisition
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Aggregate purchase price		324,700,000
Net acres of leasehold targeting acquired \| a						10,600
Number of wells acquired							18	250
Escrow deposit					33,000,000
Transaction costs					$ 1,900,000
Revenue of acquiree since acquisition date, actual				29,000,000
Earnings or loss of acquiree since acquisition date, actual				$ 18,900,000
Tax rate					21.50%
New Mexico Acquisition \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 \| Senior Notes
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Debt instrument, face amount		$ 200,000,000

Acquisitions of Oil and Natural Gas Properties - Schedule of Recognized Identified Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - New Mexico Acquisition $ in Thousands	Apr. 03, 2023 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total cash consideration	$ 324,686
Assets acquired:
Inventory	2,980
Oil and natural gas properties	342,308
Other	149
Amount attributable to assets acquired	345,437
Liabilities assumed:
Revenue payable	1,475
Asset retirement obligations	19,276
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	20,751
Net identifiable assets acquired	$ 324,686

Acquisitions of Oil and Natural Gas Properties - Schedule of Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information (Details) - New Mexico Acquisition $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares
Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information, Nonrecurring Adjustment [Line Items]
Total revenues \| $	$ 97,607
Net income \| $	$ 33,798
Basic net income per common share (USD per share) \| $ / shares	$ 1.72
Diluted net income per common share (USD per share) \| $ / shares	$ 1.70

Oil and Natural Gas Properties - Schedule of Oil and Gas Properties (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Extractive Industries [Abstract]
Proved	$ 924,429	$ 895,783
Unproved	99,301	100,216
Work-in-progress	55,784	57,004
Total oil and natural gas properties, gross	1,079,514	1,053,003
Accumulated depletion, amortization and impairment	(223,126)	(206,102)
Total oil and natural gas properties, net	$ 856,388	$ 846,901

Oil and Natural Gas Properties - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Extractive Industries [Abstract]
Depletion and amortization	$ 17.0	$ 8.9

Derivative Instruments - Schedule of Notional Amounts of Outstanding Derivative Positions (Details) bbl in Thousands, Mcf in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 $ / Mcf $ / bbl bbl Mcf
Crude Oil Swaps Q2 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	465
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	74.76
Crude Oil Swaps Q3 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	405
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	74.35
Crude Oil Swaps Q4 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	360
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	73.94
Crude Oil Swaps 2025
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	510
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	72.50
Natural Gas Swaps Q2 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| Mcf	600
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	3.21
Natural Gas Swaps Q3 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| Mcf	600
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	3.21
Natural Gas Swaps Q4 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| Mcf	450
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	3.67
Natural Gas Swaps 2025
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| Mcf	1,235
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	3.75
Natural Gas Swaps 2026
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| Mcf	450
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	4.01
Crude Oil Collars Q2 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	390
Crude Oil Collars Q2 2024 \| Short
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	61.08
Crude Oil Collars Q2 2024 \| Long
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	85.76
Crude Oil Collars Q3 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	366
Crude Oil Collars Q3 2024 \| Short
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	61.00
Crude Oil Collars Q3 2024 \| Long
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	83.61
Crude Oil Collars Q4 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	390
Crude Oil Collars Q4 2024 \| Short
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	61.92
Crude Oil Collars Q4 2024 \| Long
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	83.39
Oil Collars 2025
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	1,465
Oil Collars 2025 \| Short
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	63.35
Oil Collars 2025 \| Long
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	75.94
Natural Gas Collars Q2 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| Mcf	405
Natural Gas Collars Q2 2024 \| Short
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	3.01
Natural Gas Collars Q2 2024 \| Long
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	3.68
Natural Gas Collars Q3 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| Mcf	405
Natural Gas Collars Q3 2024 \| Short
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	3.01
Natural Gas Collars Q3 2024 \| Long
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	3.68
Natural Gas Collars Q4 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| Mcf	405
Natural Gas Collars Q4 2024 \| Short
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	3.50
Natural Gas Collars Q4 2024 \| Long
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	4.45
Natural Gas Collars 2025
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| Mcf	1,215
Natural Gas Collars 2025 \| Short
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	3.28
Natural Gas Collars 2025 \| Long
Derivative [Line Items]
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf) \| $ / Mcf	4.30
Oil Basis Q2 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	330
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	0.97
Oil Basis Q3 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	330
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	0.97
Oil Basis Q4 2024
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Volume \| bbl	330
Weighted average price (in usd per bbl/mcf)	0.97

Derivative Instruments - Narrative (Details) - Floating To Fixed Interest Rate Swaps May 2024 To December 2024 4.91% - Short	1 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain on derivative	$ 1,000,000
Notional amount	$ 80,000,000

Derivative Instruments - Summary of Open Interest Rate Derivative Positions (Details)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Floating To Fixed Interest Rate Swaps April 2024 To April 2026, 3.18% \| Long
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 30,000,000
Fixed rate	3.18%
Floating To Fixed Interest Rate Swaps April 2024 To April 2026, 3.039% \| Long
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 50,000,000
Fixed rate	3.039%
Floating To Fixed Interest Rate Swaps May 2024 To December 2024 4.91% \| Short
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 80,000,000
Fixed rate	4.91%

Derivative Instruments - Schedule of Derivative Instruments Location and Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative asset, net, gross fair value	$ (10,232)	$ 6,949
Derivative assets, net, net fair value	(10,232)	6,949
Current derivative assets
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative asset, gross fair value	6,488	8,948
Derivative asset, amounts netted	(4,850)	(3,935)
Derivative assets, net fair value	1,638	5,013
Non-current derivative assets
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative asset, gross fair value	6,175	6,687
Derivative asset, amounts netted	(5,470)	(4,391)
Derivative assets, net fair value	705	2,296
Current derivative liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative liability, gross fair value	(14,662)	(4,295)
Derivative liability, amounts netted	4,850	3,935
Derivative liability, net fair value	(9,812)	(360)
Non-current derivative liabilities
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative liability, gross fair value	(8,233)	(4,391)
Derivative liability, amounts netted	5,470	4,391
Derivative liability, net fair value	$ (2,763)	$ 0

Derivative Instruments - Schedule of Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Settlements on derivative contracts	$ 104	$ (5,088)
Non-cash gain (loss) on derivatives	(17,181)	10,843
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net	$ (17,077)	$ 5,755

Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt	$ 341,842	$ 355,959
Senior Notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt	166,842	170,959
Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt	175,000	185,000
Level 2 \| Carrying Amount \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 \| Senior Notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt	166,842	170,959
Level 2 \| Carrying Amount \| Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt	175,000	185,000
Level 2 \| Fair Value \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 \| Senior Notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt	190,426	185,346
Level 2 \| Fair Value \| Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt	175,000	185,000
Commodity derivative
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial assets	10,712	14,766
Financial liabilities	(22,895)	(8,686)
Commodity derivative \| Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial assets	0	0
Financial liabilities	0	0
Commodity derivative \| Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial assets	10,712	14,766
Financial liabilities	(22,895)	(8,686)
Commodity derivative \| Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial assets	0	0
Financial liabilities	0	0
Interest rate
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial assets	1,951	869
Interest rate \| Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial assets	0	0
Interest rate \| Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial assets	1,951	869
Interest rate \| Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial assets	$ 0	$ 0

Transactions with Related Parties - Narrative (Details)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
Transactions with Related Parties - Narrative (Details)	Jan. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Jan. 30, 2024 unit	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amounts payable		$ 7,131,000			$ 6,276,000
Riley Exploration Group, Inc \| Contract Services Agreement \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Monthly servicing fee	$ 100,000
Combo Resources, LLC \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Number of established units owned jointly \| unit				6
Combo Resources, LLC \| Contract Services Agreement \| Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Monthly servicing fee	$ 100,000
Amounts payable		0			700,000
di Santo Law PLLC \| Legal Services \| Related Party \| Director
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amounts payable		600,000			$ 600,000
Amounts of transaction		$ 300,000	$ 200,000

Transactions with Related Parties - Schedule of Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Contract services	$ 99,744	$ 67,012
Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Cost of contract services	363	110
Related Party \| Contract Services Agreement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Contract services	320	600
Related Party \| Contract Services Agreement \| Combo Resources, LLC
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Contract services	100	300
Related Party \| Contract Services Agreement \| Riley Exploration Group, Inc
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Contract services	$ 220	$ 300

Long-Term Debt - Schedule of Outstanding Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Long-term debt	$ 341,842	$ 355,959
Less: Current portion of long-term debt	20,000	20,000
Total long-term debt	321,842	335,959
Credit Facility \| Revolving Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Long-term debt	175,000	185,000
Senior Notes
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Long-term debt	166,842	170,959
Principal	180,000	185,000
Less: Unamortized discount	9,473	10,117
Less: Unamortized deferred financing costs	3,685	3,924
Less: Current portion of long-term debt	$ 20,000	$ 20,000

Long-Term Debt - Narrative (Details)		3 Months Ended
Long-Term Debt - Narrative (Details)	Apr. 03, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Nov. 14, 2023 USD ($)	Apr. 02, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 22, 2023 USD ($)
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Long-term debt, current maturities		$ 20,000,000	$ 20,000,000
Senior Notes
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Long-term debt, current maturities		20,000,000	20,000,000
Unamortized discount		9,473,000	10,117,000
Unamortized deferred financing costs		3,685,000	$ 3,924,000
Senior Notes \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Face amount	$ 200,000,000					$ 200,000,000
Hedging requirement minimum, term	18 months
Stated interest rate	10.50%
Discount, percentage	6.00%
Periodic payment, principal percentage	2.50%
Periodic principal payment	$ 5,000,000
Long-term debt, current maturities		20,000,000
Unamortized discount		9,500,000
Unamortized deferred financing costs		$ 3,700,000
Interest rate, effective percentage		13.38%
Senior Notes \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 \| Maximum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Leverage ratio for restricted payments	2.00
Senior Notes \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 \| Minimum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Outstanding balance percentage	15.00%
Asset coverage ratio	1.50
Asset coverage ratio for restricted payments after pro forma effect	1.50
Senior Notes \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 \| On or prior to April 3, 2026
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Redemption price, percentage	100.00%
Premium, percentage	5.25%
Senior Notes \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 \| After April 3, 2026, but on or prior to October 3, 2026
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Redemption price, percentage	100.00%
Premium, percentage	5.25%
Senior Notes \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 \| After October 3, 2026
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Redemption price, percentage	100.00%
Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Borrowing base	$ 325,000,000	$ 375,000,000		$ 375,000,000	$ 225,000,000
Maximum facility amount	$ 1,000,000,000
Leverage ratio, restricted payments, trailing period of free cash flow, maximum		12 months
Outstanding balance percentage		20.00%
Hedging requirement minimum, term		24 months
Weighted average interest rate		8.51%	8.68%
Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility \| Maximum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Leverage ratio		3.00
Leverage ratio for restricted payments		2.50
Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility \| Minimum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Leverage ratio for restricted payments		2.00
Revolving Credit Facility \| Senior Notes \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028 \| Maximum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Leverage ratio	3.00

Long-Term Debt - Summary of Credit Facility Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Outstanding borrowings	$ 341,842	$ 355,959
Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Outstanding borrowings	175,000	185,000
Available under the borrowing base	$ 200,000	$ 190,000

Long-Term Debt - Components of Interest Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Interest expense	$ 8,743	$ 1,294
Interest income	(207)	0
Capitalized interest	(964)	(615)
Amortization of deferred financing costs	671	192
Total interest expense, net	9,067	1,016
Senior Notes \| 10.50% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2028
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Amortization of discount on Senior Notes	644	0
Credit Facility \| Revolving Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Unused commitment fees on Credit Facility	$ 180	$ 145

Shareholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 01, 2023	Apr. 30, 2023
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Dividends declared	$ 7,329	$ 6,851
Common stock available (in Shares)	20,400,032		20,405,093
Share-based compensation expense	$ 1,692	1,114
ATM Equity Program
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Sale of stock, maximum aggregate offering price				$ 50,000
Sale of stock, currently available for issuance under current program	49,700
General and Administrative Expense
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 1,700	$ 1,300
A&R Long-Term Investment Plan
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Increase in common stock reserved for future issuance (in Shares)					950,000
Common stock reserved for future issuance (in Shares)		1,387,022			2,337,022
Common stock available (in Shares)	1,076,095
A&R Long-Term Investment Plan \| Restricted Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Additional equity-based compensation to be recognized	$ 9,400
Weighted average life	25 months

Shareholders' Equity - Schedule of Restricted Stock Units Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock - A&R Long-Term Investment Plan	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024 $ / shares shares
Restricted Shares
Unvested, beginning balance (in Shares) \| shares	521,997
Granted (in Shares) \| shares	0
Vested (in Shares) \| shares	(15,285)
Forfeited (in Shares) \| shares	(469)
Unvested, ending balance (in Shares) \| shares	506,243
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested, beginning balance (USD per Share) \| $ / shares	$ 24.37
Granted (USD per Share) \| $ / shares	0
Vested (USD per Share) \| $ / shares	24.39
Forfeited (USD per Share) \| $ / shares	20.27
Unvested, ending balance (USD per Share) \| $ / shares	$ 24.82

Income Taxes - Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Current income tax expense:
Federal	$ 3,577	$ 3,207
State	369	200
Total current income tax expense	3,946	3,407
Deferred income tax expense:
Federal	1,513	5,088
State	373	195
Total deferred income tax expense	1,886	5,283
Total income tax expense	$ 5,832	$ 8,690

Income Taxes - Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent [Abstract]
Tax at statutory rate	21.00%	21.00%
Nondeductible compensation	0.50%	0.00%
Share-based compensation	0.00%	(0.40%)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	2.40%	0.80%
Effective income tax rate	23.90%	21.40%

Net Income Per Share - Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Shares (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income	$ 18,758	$ 31,851
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding (in Shares)	19,891	19,649
Restricted shares (in Shares)	101	261
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding (in Shares)	19,992	19,910
Basic net income per share (USD per Share)	$ 0.94	$ 1.62
Diluted net income per share (USD per Share)	$ 0.94	$ 1.60

Net Income Per Share - Schedule of Anti-Dilutive Shares (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Restricted shares
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Anti-dilutive securities (in Shares)	409,822	246,358

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Environmental liabilities			$ 0	$ 0
RPC Power, LLC
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Purchase obligation, delivery period	10 years
Contractual obligation, monthly fee	$ 20,000
Contractual obligation, monthly payment due, period	10 years
Stakeholder
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Purchase obligation, delivery period		7 years
2024 Drilling Program
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Purchase obligation			$ 8,500,000

Subsequent Events (Details) - Subsequent Event - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	May 07, 2024	Apr. 11, 2024	Apr. 03, 2024
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Cash dividend declared (USD per Share)		$ 0.36
2024 NM Asset Acquisition
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Aggregate purchase price	$ 20.5
Common Stock
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Sale of stock, number of shares issued in transaction (in Shares)			1,015,000
Sale of stock, price per share (USD per Share)			$ 0.001
Sale of stock, received on transaction			$ 25.9

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