Navigating Birth Control: Expert Advice from Dr. Bana Kashani, OB-GYN
March 29 2024 - 9:15AM
Business Wire
In a rapidly evolving landscape of reproductive health,
navigating the variety of birth control options can be
overwhelming. While the most common forms of birth control include
oral contraceptives, like the pill, condoms, IUDs, implants,
patches, and rings, there are other options – from hormonal
contraceptives to barrier methods and fertility awareness
techniques. Bana Kashani, M.D., OB-GYN, reproductive
endocrinologist and infertility specialist, explains the efficacy
of various methods, empowering individuals to make informed
decisions about their reproductive health.
“When choosing a birth control method, it's essential to
consider factors such as efficacy, convenience, side effects, and
personal preferences. Some individuals may prefer the ease of
hormonal contraceptives, while others may opt for the long-term
protection offered by long-acting reversible contraceptives
(LARCs),” says Dr. Kashani. “Understanding the nuances of different
options enables individuals to make choices aligned with their
unique needs and preferences."
Dr. Kashani sheds light on various birth control methods in the
following Q&A:
What are the different types of birth
control methods available?
There are several types of birth control
methods, including hormonal contraceptives (pills, patches, rings);
barrier methods (condoms, diaphragms); long-acting reversible
contraceptives (IUDs, implants); permanent methods (sterilization),
and fertility awareness methods, which involve tracking menstrual
cycles and abstaining from intercourse during fertile periods.
How effective are hormonal contraceptives
in preventing pregnancy?
Hormonal contraceptives, when used
consistently and correctly, are highly effective at preventing
pregnancy. Oral contraceptives, patches, and rings have failure
rates of less than 9%, but effectiveness can vary with inconsistent
usage. For example, forgetting to take the pill, taking it at
different times each day, and interactions with other medications
can influence its effectiveness.
Can using hormonal birth control methods
for an extended period affect fertility negatively?
There is limited evidence to suggest that
using birth control methods for an extended period negatively
impacts fertility. Hormonal contraceptives work primarily by
suppressing ovulation and thickening cervical mucus with fecundity
(chances of conceiving) returning to normal upon cessation of their
use. Recent research indicates that fecundity return among women
after discontinuation of any hormonal contraceptive methods was
high. Hormonal contraception does not cause us to lose more eggs
every month nor does it lower your egg count in the future.
Are LARCs more effective at preventing
pregnancy than other methods?
Yes, LARCs such as intrauterine devices
(IUDs) and contraceptive implants are among the most effective
forms of birth control, rivaling permanent sterilization. They have
success rates exceeding 99% and are suitable for individuals
seeking long-term contraceptive solutions. Available in hormonal
and non-hormonal options, the IUD provides long-term protection
against pregnancy, lasting from three to 10 years depending on the
type.
Can IUDs cause infertility?
There is little to no evidence to suggest
that intrauterine devices (IUDs) cause infertility. IUDs are highly
effective contraceptives and are considered safe for most
individuals. Once an IUD is removed, fertility typically returns to
normal, allowing individuals to conceive if they desire. It's
important to consult with a healthcare provider to discuss any
concerns or questions about IUDs and their potential impact on
fertility.
Are there any long-term side effects on
fertility associated with using barrier methods or fertility
awareness as a form of birth control?
These methods generally do not have long-term
effects on fertility. Barrier methods such as condoms, when used
correctly, provide effective contraception without impacting
fertility. Inconsistent or improper barrier method use causing STIs
can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease if left untreated, scarring
the fallopian tubes and risking tubal factor infertility or ectopic
pregnancy. Fertility awareness methods entail monitoring menstrual
cycles or ovulation to identify fertile days and avoid unprotected
intercourse, without impacting fertility.
"No matter which method you choose, I recommend keeping
pregnancy tests on hand like First Response Early Result if you
think you might be pregnant, especially if you experience irregular
periods with birth control use," advises Dr. Kashani. "Concerns
about changes in your menstrual cycle or fertility should be
discussed with a healthcare provider, who can offer personalized
guidance based on individual health factors and reproductive
goals.”
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